Irregular Periods: Causes and Solutions for Women

MC did not come?

Hello Doctor: I previously inquired about this topic on March 12.
My last menstrual period started on March 2, and I was expecting my next one around April 1, 2, or 3.
However, it has not arrived yet.
My menstrual cycle has been quite irregular; sometimes I may not have a period for an entire month.
However, the first three months of this year, my periods were very punctual at the beginning of the month.
Is it possible that my cycle is becoming irregular again? Could there be any factors affecting this, or ways to improve it? Also, could it be related to my previous habit of drinking cold water? A traditional Chinese medicine practitioner once mentioned that while I do have menstrual flow, it may not all be expelled.
Could this mean that there are still eggs left in my body during my period, which could lead to pregnancy if I engage in intercourse? What is the correct way to calculate the safe period? Thank you, Doctor.

Lan Tian, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2001/04/06

Dr. Li Guanghan reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

If you have engaged in sexual intercourse, the first step is to check for pregnancy.
There are many factors that can affect your menstrual cycle, such as whether or not you are ovulating, work-related stress, and more.
Therefore, it is essential to visit a hospital for an examination to identify the underlying cause.
Additionally, drinking cold water may only cause menstrual cramps but will not affect the menstrual cycle.
If menstruation occurs without ovulation, it is unlikely unless there is cervical incompetence or an obstructed hymen.
Furthermore, an egg that is not fertilized will degenerate within a day after ovulation, so if your menstrual cycle is irregular, it is not possible to accurately determine a safe period.

Reply Date: 2001/04/06

More Info

Understanding irregular menstrual cycles can be quite complex, as they can be influenced by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, lifestyle choices, and underlying health conditions. Based on your description, it seems you have experienced significant fluctuations in your menstrual cycle, which can be concerning.

Firstly, it is important to recognize that a normal menstrual cycle can range from 21 to 35 days, with variations being common, especially during the reproductive years. Factors such as stress, changes in weight, exercise habits, and even dietary choices can impact the regularity of your cycle. For instance, you mentioned a history of consuming cold beverages, which some traditional beliefs associate with menstrual irregularities. However, there is no scientific evidence to support that drinking cold water directly affects menstrual health.

The irregularities you are experiencing, such as having a cycle that sometimes lasts a month or longer, could be attributed to hormonal fluctuations. Hormones like estrogen and progesterone play crucial roles in regulating the menstrual cycle. If there is an imbalance, it can lead to missed periods or cycles that are longer or shorter than usual. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or even stress can contribute to these hormonal imbalances.

Regarding your concern about whether an egg could remain in your body if your menstrual cycle is irregular, it is essential to understand how ovulation works. Typically, ovulation occurs about 14 days before your next period. If you have irregular cycles, it can be challenging to predict when ovulation occurs, which may lead to uncertainty about your fertility. If you engage in unprotected intercourse during this time, there is a possibility of becoming pregnant, especially if ovulation occurs later than expected.

To calculate your safe period, you can track your menstrual cycle over several months to identify patterns. The safe period is generally considered to be the days before ovulation and the days after your period ends. However, this method is not foolproof, especially with irregular cycles, as ovulation can vary significantly.

If you are concerned about your menstrual irregularities, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider. They may recommend tests to evaluate your hormone levels, perform a pelvic exam, or conduct imaging studies to rule out any underlying conditions. Treatment options may include hormonal therapies, lifestyle modifications, or other interventions tailored to your specific needs.

In summary, while irregular menstrual cycles can be distressing, understanding the potential causes and seeking appropriate medical advice can help you manage your symptoms effectively. Keeping a detailed record of your menstrual cycles, symptoms, and any lifestyle changes can also provide valuable information for your healthcare provider.

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