Common Cold in Infants: Symptoms and Care Tips

Pediatric Cold

Hello Dr.
Tsai,
My baby is 9 months old and has recently been experiencing frequent clear nasal discharge, persistent coughing, and a sensation of phlegm in the throat, although the fever has subsided.
We took him to see a doctor and received medication for rhinitis and expectorants, but after three days, there has been no improvement.
I have the following questions:
1.
How long does a typical cold last in infants?
2.
Since my baby is still small and cannot blow his nose, how can I help him with nasal congestion, especially at night while he sleeps?
3.
What can I do to help my baby when there is phlegm in his throat?
4.
My baby sometimes pulls at his ears; what symptoms would indicate the early stages of otitis media?
Thank you for taking the time to clarify these concerns!

De De Mama, 0~9 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/02/24

Dr. Cai Hongyan reply Otolaryngology

Hello! 1.
Generally, the symptoms of a cold usually last about one week to ten days; however, appropriate rest and a balanced diet are necessary to prevent the duration of the cold from being prolonged.
2.
You can purchase a nasal aspirator to help clear nasal mucus; if that is ineffective, some medications may be needed for assistance.
3.
Children often experience post-nasal drip, and clearing the nasal mucus can reduce phlegm.
4.
Pulling at the ears does not necessarily indicate otitis media; in children around one year old, otitis media typically presents with fever, irritability, and poor sleep.
If these symptoms are present, seek medical attention.

Reply Date: 2005/02/24

More Info

Understanding the common cold in infants can be quite challenging for parents, especially when it comes to recognizing symptoms and knowing how to provide appropriate care. Here’s a comprehensive overview based on your questions regarding your 9-month-old baby who is experiencing symptoms like runny nose, cough, and throat congestion.

1. Duration of a Common Cold in Infants: Typically, a common cold in infants can last anywhere from 7 to 14 days. The duration can vary depending on the specific virus causing the cold and the infant's immune response. Generally, symptoms may peak around the third to fifth day and then gradually improve. However, if symptoms persist beyond two weeks or worsen, it’s essential to consult a pediatrician for further evaluation.

2. Helping Your Baby with Nasal Congestion: Since infants cannot blow their noses, nasal congestion can be particularly troublesome, especially at night. Here are some strategies to help relieve nasal congestion:
- Saline Drops: Use saline nasal drops to moisten the nasal passages. This can help thin the mucus, making it easier for your baby to breathe.

- Nasal Aspirator: After using saline drops, you can use a bulb syringe or a nasal aspirator to gently suction out the mucus. This is especially helpful before feeding or bedtime.

- Humidifier: A cool-mist humidifier in your baby’s room can add moisture to the air, which may help ease congestion and coughing.

- Elevate the Head: When your baby is sleeping, slightly elevating the head of the crib mattress can help with drainage and make breathing easier.

3. Managing Throat Congestion: If your baby has phlegm in their throat, it’s crucial to keep them hydrated. Offer plenty of fluids, such as breast milk or formula, to help thin the mucus. If your baby is old enough (over 6 months), you can also offer small amounts of water. Additionally, using a humidifier can help keep the air moist, which may soothe the throat and reduce coughing.

4. Signs of Ear Infection: If your baby is frequently tugging at their ears, it could indicate an ear infection, especially if accompanied by other symptoms. Early signs of a middle ear infection (otitis media) may include:
- Increased irritability or fussiness
- Difficulty sleeping or feeding
- Fluid drainage from the ear
- Fever (though not always present)
- Loss of balance or coordination
If you suspect an ear infection, it’s important to consult your pediatrician for an evaluation, as they may require treatment with antibiotics if a bacterial infection is present.

In summary, while the common cold is usually self-limiting and resolves on its own, supportive care is essential to help your baby feel more comfortable. Keep monitoring your baby’s symptoms, ensure they stay hydrated, and consult your pediatrician if you have any concerns or if symptoms persist or worsen. Remember, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your child’s health.

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