Vertical Transmission: Is It Congenital or Acquired?

Vertical transmission can be either congenital or acquired?

Vertical transmission can be either congenital or acquired.
If cancer cannot be detected through blood tests, it is important to note that such blood does not have infectious properties.
To avoid bloodborne infections, one should practice safe handling of blood, use personal protective equipment, and ensure proper sterilization of medical instruments.

nini, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2001/05/23

Dr. Yang Guojun reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Vertical transmission refers to the direct transmission of infectious viruses or bacteria from a mother to her offspring during pregnancy.
A common example in Taiwan is a mother who is a carrier of hepatitis B transmitting the virus to her child.
Another scenario involves a mother with cancer during pregnancy; whether cancer cells can be transmitted to the child through the placenta depends on the type of cancer.
The likelihood of cancer patients' blood transmitting the disease to others is low, but cancer cells can evade the body's immune system surveillance and proliferate.
Therefore, if they enter another person's body, they may also escape rejection and grow.

Reply Date: 2001/05/23

More Info

Vertical transmission refers to the transmission of infections or conditions from a mother to her offspring during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. This can be classified as either congenital or acquired, depending on the timing and method of transmission. Congenital infections are those that are present at birth, often due to the pathogen crossing the placenta during pregnancy. Examples include infections like rubella, syphilis, and cytomegalovirus. Acquired infections, on the other hand, may occur during the process of childbirth or through breastfeeding, such as HIV or hepatitis B.

In the context of your question, if a mother has an infection that can be transmitted to her child, it is crucial to understand the nature of that infection. For instance, if the mother has a viral infection that can cross the placenta, the child may be born with that infection, which is considered congenital. Conversely, if the infection is transmitted during labor or through breast milk, it is classified as acquired.

Regarding cancer, it is important to note that cancer itself is not contagious and cannot be transmitted from one person to another through blood or any other means. However, certain viruses that are associated with cancer, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or hepatitis B and C, can be transmitted through blood or bodily fluids. Therefore, while the cancer itself is not infectious, the underlying viral infections that may lead to cancer can be.

To avoid bloodborne infections, it is essential to practice safe behaviors, especially in situations where exposure to blood may occur. Here are some key recommendations:
1. Avoid Sharing Needles: This is particularly important for individuals who use intravenous drugs. Sharing needles can lead to the transmission of bloodborne pathogens.

2. Safe Sex Practices: Using condoms can reduce the risk of transmitting infections that can lead to cancer, such as HPV and HIV.

3. Screening and Vaccination: Regular screening for infections like hepatitis B and C can help identify and manage these conditions early. Vaccination against hepatitis B is also a critical preventive measure.

4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): In healthcare settings, using gloves, masks, and other protective gear can prevent exposure to blood and bodily fluids.

5. Education and Awareness: Understanding how infections are transmitted and the importance of hygiene can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

In summary, vertical transmission can be either congenital or acquired, depending on the timing and method of transmission. While cancer itself is not contagious, certain viral infections associated with cancer can be transmitted through blood. Practicing safe behaviors and being aware of the risks can help prevent bloodborne infections. If you have specific concerns about infections or cancer, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.

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