High Astigmatism: Causes, Treatments, and Genetic Factors

High astigmatism

Hello: I have been wearing glasses since middle school, but my myopia has not increased much, while my astigmatism has been increasing year by year.
I recently got a new pair of lenses, but I still cannot see clearly.
After a re-examination, the store indicated that 0.6 is the limit of my vision.
My current prescription is as follows: Right eye: Astigmatism 500, Myopia 125; Left eye: Astigmatism 450, Myopia 200.
I have the following questions:
1.
Over the years, my astigmatism has only increased without an increase in myopia.
Aside from my physical condition or environmental factors, are there any non-surgical methods to correct this?
2.
I can still see a fixed point clearly through certain angles of my glasses.
The store mentioned this is due to light refraction through the lenses.
If I can see things clearly because of refraction, does this indicate that there is still a possibility of correcting my vision to 1.0?
3.
Is there a possibility that other eye conditions could be causing my high astigmatism?
4.
All my family members have some degree of astigmatism, suggesting a high likelihood of hereditary factors.
Is there a possibility that this could be passed on to future generations?

ALPHA, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/03/21

Dr. Chen Anping reply Ophthalmology

1.
Severe astigmatism may only be treated with surgery.

2.
Not necessarily.

3.
Keratoconus can cause high levels of astigmatism.

4.
Yes.

Reply Date: 2005/03/21

More Info

Understanding high astigmatism involves delving into its causes, treatments, and genetic factors. Astigmatism is a common refractive error caused by an irregular shape of the cornea or lens, leading to blurred or distorted vision. In your case, you have reported a significant degree of astigmatism, with your right eye measuring -5.00 diopters and your left eye -4.50 diopters, alongside mild myopia (nearsightedness).
1. Causes of High Astigmatism:
Astigmatism can be caused by several factors. The most common is the shape of the cornea, which may be more oval than round. Other causes can include eye injuries, surgeries, or conditions like keratoconus, where the cornea thins and bulges. In some cases, astigmatism can also be associated with other eye conditions, such as cataracts or pterygium. Since your astigmatism has increased over the years without a corresponding increase in myopia, it could suggest a progressive change in the shape of your cornea or lens.

2. Treatment Options:
While glasses are the most common way to correct astigmatism, there are other options available. Contact lenses, particularly toric lenses designed specifically for astigmatism, can provide clearer vision. Refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, may also be considered for some patients, depending on the severity of the astigmatism and the overall health of the eyes. These procedures reshape the cornea to improve the way light is focused on the retina. However, they are not suitable for everyone, and a thorough evaluation by an eye care professional is necessary to determine eligibility.

3. Vision Clarity and Optical Effects:
The phenomenon you described, where certain angles allow for clearer vision, may be due to the optical properties of your lenses. Astigmatism can cause light to focus at different points, leading to varying clarity depending on the angle of light entering the eye. While this may provide some temporary relief, it does not necessarily indicate that your vision can be corrected to 1.0 (20/20) without appropriate treatment.
4. Potential Eye Conditions:
High astigmatism can sometimes be a sign of underlying eye conditions. Conditions such as keratoconus or other corneal irregularities can lead to significant astigmatism. It is essential to have a comprehensive eye examination to rule out any serious conditions that may be contributing to your symptoms.

5. Genetic Factors:
Astigmatism can have a hereditary component. If family members have a history of astigmatism or other refractive errors, it increases the likelihood of similar issues in future generations. Genetic predisposition plays a role in the development of refractive errors, including astigmatism. However, environmental factors, such as prolonged screen time or reading habits, can also influence the progression of these conditions.

In conclusion, while high astigmatism can be challenging, various treatment options are available. It is crucial to consult with an eye care professional who can provide a comprehensive assessment and discuss the best course of action tailored to your specific needs. Regular eye exams are essential for monitoring changes in your vision and ensuring that any underlying conditions are addressed promptly. Additionally, understanding the genetic factors at play can help in making informed decisions about family planning and eye health for future generations.

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