Wandering Kidney: Symptoms, Causes, and Care Tips - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Q: Wandering Kidney: Symptoms, Causes, and Care Tips

Dear Miss Hsiao-Yu： Hello. <br>"Wandering kidney," commonly referred to as "renal ptosis," refers to a condition where the kidney is not fixed in the retroperitoneal cavity and changes position with changes in posture. <br>To clarify, under normal circumstances, the kidney is sur

Wandering kidney

Recently, I visited the hospital due to bloating and abdominal pain.
The doctor informed me that I have a wandering kidney.
What is a wandering kidney? What causes a wandering kidney to occur? Is it related to other diseases? Is the pain in my left lower abdomen associated with the wandering kidney? What should I pay attention to regarding the symptoms of a wandering kidney? I would appreciate your response.

Xiao Yu, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/04/05

Dr. Chen Zhiping reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Dear Miss Hsiao-Yu: Hello.
"Wandering kidney," commonly referred to as "renal ptosis," refers to a condition where the kidney is not fixed in the retroperitoneal cavity and changes position with changes in posture.
To clarify, under normal circumstances, the kidney is surrounded by a layer of fat that not only protects the kidney but also helps to stabilize it, preventing it from moving freely.
A wandering kidney occurs when the perirenal fascia becomes lax, allowing the kidney to move easily.
Over time, this can lead to elongation of the renal pedicle, making it even more likely for the kidney to shift position in the retroperitoneal cavity according to body posture.
When lying down, the kidney is located below the diaphragm, but when sitting or standing, gravity can cause it to descend to the level of the fourth or fifth lumbar vertebra, or even to the upper margin of the bladder.
The vast majority of patients with a wandering kidney are asymptomatic, while a minority may experience symptoms such as lower back pain, abdominal pain, or even digestive issues and constipation.
Occasionally, the wandering kidney can be palpated in the abdomen or flank.
Routine urinalysis is mostly normal, with occasional findings of hematuria or microscopic hematuria.
To date, the exact cause of renal ptosis remains unclear in the medical community.
It does not seem to be related to other diseases and is likely not caused by them.
Left lower abdominal pain may be associated with a left-sided wandering kidney.
Some patients with a wandering kidney may develop renal hypertension, hydronephrosis, or ureteral obstruction, primarily due to the twisting or kinking of the renal artery and ureter after the kidney moves.
Therefore, it is generally recommended that patients with a wandering kidney regularly monitor their blood pressure, undergo renal function tests, and have routine urinalysis.
By searching for "wandering kidney" online, you can find articles written by Dr.
Chiu Wen-Yuan, Dr.
Wu Chi-Ju, and Dr.
Chueh Shih-Chieh regarding this condition.
Please refer to them.
Sincerely, Dr.
Yao Chuan from Internal Medicine.

Reply Date: 2005/04/05

More Info

Wandering kidney, also known as nephroptosis, is a condition where the kidney is not securely anchored in its normal position in the abdomen and can move down into the pelvis when a person stands up. This condition can lead to various symptoms and complications, and understanding its implications is crucial for managing your health.

Symptoms of Wandering Kidney
The symptoms of nephroptosis can vary widely among individuals. Some common symptoms include:
1. Abdominal Pain: Many patients report pain in the lower abdomen or flank area, which may worsen with standing or physical activity.

2. Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea.

3. Urinary Issues: Changes in urinary patterns, such as increased frequency or urgency, can occur.

4. Bloating: As you mentioned experiencing abdominal bloating, this can be associated with nephroptosis due to the kidney's movement affecting surrounding organs.

5. Kidney Stones or Infections: The abnormal position of the kidney can lead to urinary stasis, increasing the risk of kidney stones or urinary tract infections.

Causes of Wandering Kidney
Wandering kidney can be caused by several factors:
1. Congenital Factors: Some individuals may be born with a predisposition to nephroptosis due to anatomical variations.

2. Weight Loss: Significant weight loss can reduce the amount of fatty tissue that helps anchor the kidney in place.

3. Pregnancy: The changes in body shape and weight during and after pregnancy can contribute to the development of nephroptosis.

4. Trauma: Injury to the abdomen can disrupt the normal positioning of the kidney.

Relationship with Other Conditions
Wandering kidney can sometimes be associated with other medical conditions. For instance, if you have a history of kidney stones or urinary tract infections, the mobility of the kidney may exacerbate these issues. Additionally, conditions that affect the abdominal cavity, such as hernias or significant weight fluctuations, can also contribute to nephroptosis.

Pain in the Left Lower Abdomen
The left lower abdominal pain you are experiencing may indeed be related to your wandering kidney. The movement of the kidney can irritate surrounding tissues and organs, leading to discomfort. However, it is essential to consider other potential causes of left lower abdominal pain, such as gastrointestinal issues, hernias, or even conditions affecting the reproductive organs in females.

Care Tips for Managing Wandering Kidney
If you have been diagnosed with nephroptosis, here are some care tips to consider:
1. Regular Monitoring: Keep regular appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your kidney function and any associated symptoms.

2. Hydration: Ensure you are well-hydrated, as this can help maintain kidney health and reduce the risk of urinary complications.

3. Dietary Adjustments: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can support overall health and kidney function.

4. Avoid Strenuous Activities: If certain activities exacerbate your symptoms, consider modifying your exercise routine to avoid strain on your abdomen.

5. Pain Management: Discuss with your doctor about appropriate pain management strategies if you experience significant discomfort.

Conclusion
In summary, wandering kidney is a condition that can lead to various symptoms, including abdominal pain and urinary issues. It is essential to understand the potential causes and implications of this condition, as well as to maintain regular communication with your healthcare provider. If you experience persistent or worsening symptoms, further evaluation may be necessary to rule out other underlying conditions. Always prioritize your health and seek medical advice when needed.

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