Blood in Urine: Causes and When to Seek Help - Oncology

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Blood in urine, medically known as hematuria, can be a concerning symptom and may arise from various underlying causes. Given your situation, where you have experienced blood in your urine intermittently over the years, it is essential to understand the potential reasons and when to seek medical attention.


Possible Causes of Hematuria
1. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Infections in the bladder or kidneys can lead to inflammation and bleeding, resulting in blood in the urine. Symptoms may include a burning sensation during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and lower abdominal pain.

2. Kidney Stones: Hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys can cause significant pain and bleeding when they move through the urinary tract. Symptoms often include severe pain in the back or side, blood in urine, and sometimes nausea.

3. Trauma or Injury: Any injury to the kidneys or urinary tract can result in bleeding. This could be from a sports injury or an accident.

4. Enlarged Prostate: In older males, an enlarged prostate can compress the urethra and lead to blood in the urine.

5. Cancer: Though less common, cancers of the bladder, kidneys, or prostate can cause hematuria. This is particularly a concern if the blood is persistent and accompanied by other symptoms like weight loss or pain.

6. Glomerulonephritis: This is an inflammation of the kidney's filtering units, which can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other conditions.

7. Medications: Certain medications, such as blood thinners, can increase the risk of bleeding, including in the urine.


When to Seek Medical Help
You should seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- Persistent blood in your urine, especially if it occurs repeatedly.

- Accompanying symptoms such as pain, fever, or difficulty urinating.

- Any significant changes in your urinary habits or the appearance of your urine.


Diagnostic Steps
When you visit a healthcare provider, they may perform several tests to determine the cause of hematuria, including:
- Urinalysis: A test of your urine to check for signs of infection, blood, or other abnormalities.

- Imaging Tests: Ultrasound, CT scans, or X-rays may be used to visualize the urinary tract and identify stones or tumors.

- Cystoscopy: A procedure where a thin tube with a camera is inserted into the bladder to look for abnormalities.


Conclusion
While occasional blood in urine can sometimes be benign, it is crucial to take it seriously, especially if it has recurred multiple times. Given your history of intermittent hematuria, it would be wise to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent potential complications and address any underlying issues effectively. Remember, your health is paramount, and seeking help is always the best course of action when it comes to unusual symptoms.