Shingles: Why Chickenpox Can Recur in Adults

Recurrent chickenpox

I am 35 years old and currently have around 500 red spots with blisters on my skin, which have spread from my body to my neck and throughout my entire body.
After examination by a physician, it was confirmed to be chickenpox.
Interestingly, I had chickenpox as a child, so I am curious why it has reoccurred in adulthood.
What is the likelihood of this happening? Additionally, what are the common causes of infection? What precautions should I take in my daily life? Are there any non-insured medications available to treat the scabs from the blisters or to boost immune function? Thank you very much for your response, doctor.

Zhou Xiaoli, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2001/06/08

Dr. Zheng Lizhen reply Dermatology

Chickenpox "usually" occurs only once; however, even with vaccination, there is still a 2-3% chance of recurrence.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and can be transmitted through direct contact or airborne transmission.
After infection, it is important to ensure adequate nutrition in the diet, get plenty of rest, wear loose-fitting clothing to avoid pressure or friction on the affected areas, and refrain from touching or popping the blisters to prevent bacterial infection, which could delay recovery and even lead to scarring.
If there are blisters in the mouth, provide cool beverages and soft foods, and avoid hot or spicy foods.
If fever occurs, do not take aspirin.
Generally, the skin will heal in about seven to ten days; please consult a nearby dermatologist for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Reply Date: 2001/06/08

More Info

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. Once a person has chickenpox, usually during childhood, the virus remains dormant in the nerve tissues. It can reactivate later in life, leading to shingles. This reactivation is more common in adults, particularly those over the age of 50, but it can occur at any age, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.

The likelihood of developing shingles after having chickenpox is estimated to be about 1 in 3 people in their lifetime. Factors that can increase the risk of reactivation include stress, illness, certain medications that suppress the immune system, and aging. In your case, at 35 years old, it is indeed unusual but not impossible for shingles to occur, especially if there are underlying factors affecting your immune system.

The primary symptoms of shingles include a painful rash that typically appears on one side of the body, often in a band-like pattern. The rash develops into fluid-filled blisters that eventually crust over. The pain associated with shingles can be severe and may persist even after the rash has healed, a condition known as postherpetic neuralgia.

In terms of treatment, antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir are commonly prescribed to help reduce the severity and duration of the symptoms if taken within the first 72 hours of the rash appearing. Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. For the skin lesions, keeping the area clean and dry is essential, and applying cool compresses may provide relief.
As for non-prescription options to aid in healing and boosting your immune system, while there are no specific non-healthcare products that can treat shingles, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can support your immune function. This includes a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques.

It's also important to avoid close contact with individuals who have not had chickenpox or the chickenpox vaccine, as shingles can be contagious and cause chickenpox in those susceptible.
If you are concerned about the appearance of the rash or the pain associated with shingles, it is crucial to follow up with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing symptoms and discuss any potential long-term effects, such as postherpetic neuralgia, which can be particularly troublesome.

In summary, shingles is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that can occur in adults who have previously had chickenpox. While the risk increases with age and certain health conditions, it can happen at any age. Treatment typically involves antiviral medications and pain management, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can support your immune system. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options.

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