Acral Melanoma: What to Know About Irregular Moles

Acral melanoma

Hello, I found an irregularly shaped brownish mole on the side of my toe.
I previously received an email that mentioned acral melanoma, and I'm concerned that I might be the patient referred to in that message.

Yang, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/05/26

Dr. Huang Ruiyun reply Dermatology

This condition is actually uncommon.
If you are really concerned, you can visit a dermatology clinic for a biopsy.
A biopsy involves removing a piece of skin and suturing the area, with the specimen sent to the pathology department for examination.
Since the rise of email and the internet, more people have opted for surgical procedures for peace of mind, but in most cases, the results show that the lesions are moles rather than cancer.

Reply Date: 2005/05/26

More Info

Acral melanoma is a type of skin cancer that occurs on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and under the nails. It is one of the less common forms of melanoma but is particularly significant because it often appears in areas that are not typically exposed to sunlight. This makes it crucial for individuals, especially those with darker skin tones, to be vigilant about changes in their skin, including the appearance of new moles or changes in existing ones.

When you mention finding an irregularly shaped brownish mole on the side of your toe, it is understandable to be concerned, especially given your prior knowledge about acral melanoma. Irregular moles, or nevi, can be a cause for concern, particularly if they exhibit certain characteristics. The ABCDE rule is a helpful guideline for assessing moles:
- Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other half.

- Border: The edges are irregular, ragged, or blurred.

- Color: The color is not uniform and may include shades of brown, black, tan, or even red, white, or blue.

- Diameter: The mole is larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser), although melanomas can be smaller.

- Evolving: The mole is changing in size, shape, or color.

If your mole exhibits any of these characteristics, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation promptly. A dermatologist can perform a thorough examination and may recommend a biopsy to determine whether the mole is benign or malignant.

Acral melanoma can sometimes be mistaken for other skin conditions, such as benign moles or even fungal infections, particularly when they occur on the feet or under the nails. Therefore, a professional assessment is essential for an accurate diagnosis.
In terms of risk factors, while anyone can develop acral melanoma, certain factors may increase the risk, including a family history of melanoma, having many moles, or having a personal history of skin cancer. Additionally, individuals with darker skin tones may be less likely to develop melanoma in sun-exposed areas but can still be at risk for acral melanoma.

If you are feeling anxious about the possibility of having acral melanoma, it is important to remember that early detection is key to successful treatment. The prognosis for melanoma is significantly better when it is caught early before it has had a chance to spread.
In conclusion, while the discovery of an irregular mole can be concerning, it is essential to approach the situation with a clear plan. Schedule an appointment with a dermatologist to have your mole evaluated. They can provide you with the necessary information and peace of mind, whether it turns out to be benign or requires further action. Remember, being proactive about your skin health is the best way to ensure your well-being.

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