Myocarditis: Risks from Common Colds and Symptoms to Watch

Q: Myocarditis: Risks from Common Colds and Symptoms to Watch

Hello： Coxsackievirus, adenovirus, and echovirus are more likely to invade the heart and cause myocarditis. <br>In the early stages of infection, symptoms are similar to those of a general infection, and there may even be no obvious symptoms. <br>In the later stages of infection,

Hello, doctor. I have a question regarding myocarditis?

Recently, I saw a news report about an adult who developed myocarditis due to a cold.
Since colds are quite common, I would like to ask the physician which cold viruses are more likely to cause myocarditis and what symptoms should be particularly noted.
Additionally, are individuals with mitral valve prolapse more susceptible to infections? I appreciate your answers to these questions.
Thank you.

chris, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/06/03

Dr. Huang Guosheng reply Cardiology

Hello: Coxsackievirus, adenovirus, and echovirus are more likely to invade the heart and cause myocarditis.
In the early stages of infection, symptoms are similar to those of a general infection, and there may even be no obvious symptoms.
In the later stages of infection, there can be generalized weakness and symptoms of shortness of breath.
Additionally, mitral valve prolapse combined with mitral regurgitation increases the risk of bacterial endocarditis but does not increase the likelihood of myocarditis.

Reply Date: 2005/06/03

More Info

Myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle, can indeed be associated with viral infections, including common colds. While most colds are caused by benign viruses like rhinoviruses, certain strains of viruses, particularly those belonging to the enterovirus family (such as Coxsackievirus), can lead to myocarditis. Other viruses, including influenza, adenovirus, and even COVID-19, have also been implicated in cases of myocarditis.

Risk Factors and Symptoms
1. Viral Infections: The primary risk factor for developing myocarditis is a viral infection. Symptoms of myocarditis can develop after a person has experienced a viral illness, often within a few days to weeks. Symptoms to watch for include:
- Chest Pain: This may feel like pressure or tightness and can be mistaken for a heart attack.

- Shortness of Breath: This can occur during physical activity or even at rest.

- Fatigue: Unusual tiredness or weakness can be a sign of heart issues.

- Palpitations: An irregular heartbeat or feeling like your heart is racing.

- Fever: Sometimes, a low-grade fever accompanies the viral infection.

- Swelling: Fluid retention can lead to swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet.

2. Pre-existing Conditions: Individuals with pre-existing heart conditions, such as mitral valve prolapse, may be at a higher risk for complications from viral infections, including myocarditis. However, the direct correlation between mitral valve prolapse and an increased risk of myocarditis is not well established. It is essential for individuals with any heart condition to be vigilant about their symptoms and seek medical advice promptly if they experience any concerning signs.

When to Seek Medical Attention
If you or someone you know has recently had a cold or flu-like illness and begins to experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is crucial to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes. A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination, order blood tests, and conduct imaging studies like an echocardiogram or MRI to assess heart function and inflammation.

Conclusion
While the risk of developing myocarditis from a common cold is relatively low, it is essential to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical advice if they arise. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and keeping up with vaccinations can help reduce the risk of viral infections that could lead to myocarditis. If you have a pre-existing heart condition, regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are vital to monitor your heart health and address any concerns promptly.

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