Uterine Fibroids: Surgical Options and Risks for Your Mother

Effects of Uterine Fibroids

Hello Doctor: My mother is 50 years old and has been diagnosed with uterine fibroids, with three small ones (not exceeding ten centimeters) inside her uterus.
The doctor suggested that since my mother does not plan to have children, she should undergo surgery to remove them.
Is surgery a good option? Would it be better not to have surgery? My mother has anemia; is surgery risky for her? If she does undergo surgery, what should we pay attention to afterward? I am very worried about my mother...
Thank you for your response!

mei mei, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2006/11/30

Dr. Xu Junzheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Whether uterine fibroids require surgery mainly depends on the severity of clinical symptoms.
It is advisable to consult multiple physicians for evaluation before making a decision.
Thank you!

Reply Date: 2006/11/30

More Info

When it comes to understanding uterine fibroids and the surgical options available, particularly for your mother who is 50 years old and has three small fibroids, it’s essential to consider several factors, including the size and symptoms of the fibroids, her overall health, and the potential risks and benefits of surgery.

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can vary in size and number. They are quite common, especially in women of reproductive age. In your mother's case, since the fibroids are small (not exceeding 10 cm), and she has a history of anemia, it is crucial to weigh the options carefully.

Surgical Options
1. Myomectomy: This is a surgical procedure to remove the fibroids while preserving the uterus. It is often recommended for women who wish to retain their fertility. However, since your mother is not planning to have more children, this may not be the most suitable option.

2. Hysterectomy: This involves the complete removal of the uterus and is often recommended for women who have completed their families or have significant symptoms from fibroids. Given your mother’s age and the presence of anemia, a hysterectomy could alleviate symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, which is often associated with fibroids.

3. Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE): This is a less invasive procedure that cuts off blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink. However, it may not be suitable for all patients, and its long-term effects are still being studied.

Risks of Surgery
Every surgical procedure carries risks. For a hysterectomy, potential complications include:
- Infection: There is always a risk of infection post-surgery.

- Bleeding: Given your mother’s anemia, this is a significant concern. She may require blood transfusions if there is excessive bleeding during or after the surgery.

- Damage to surrounding organs: There is a small risk of injury to nearby organs, such as the bladder or intestines.

- Anesthesia risks: Depending on her overall health, there may be risks associated with anesthesia.

Non-Surgical Options
If your mother’s fibroids are not causing severe symptoms, and if her anemia is manageable, it might be worth considering non-surgical options. These could include:
- Medication: Hormonal treatments can help manage symptoms like heavy bleeding.

- Watchful Waiting: If the fibroids are not causing significant issues, monitoring them over time may be a viable option.

Post-Surgery Considerations
If your mother decides to go ahead with surgery, there are several post-operative care tips to keep in mind:
- Rest and Recovery: Adequate rest is crucial for recovery. Your mother should avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for several weeks.

- Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-ups with her healthcare provider are essential to monitor her recovery and address any complications early.

- Managing Anemia: Post-surgery, it’s important to monitor her hemoglobin levels and manage her anemia through diet or supplements as needed.

- Signs of Complications: Be vigilant for signs of complications, such as fever, excessive bleeding, or severe pain, and seek medical attention if these occur.

Conclusion
Ultimately, the decision regarding surgery should be made in consultation with her healthcare provider, who can assess her specific situation, including her symptoms, overall health, and personal preferences. It’s important to have an open discussion with her doctor about the risks and benefits of surgery versus non-surgical options, especially considering her anemia. Your concern for your mother’s health is commendable, and ensuring she has all the information will help her make the best decision for her situation.

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