Herpes Transmission Risks Before Marriage

Will herpes interfere with marriage?

Hello, Doctor.
My boyfriend has herpes simplex virus type 2.
When he is not experiencing an outbreak, we have used condoms consistently, and I have no symptoms.
We are now discussing marriage, but I have many concerns:
1.
When he is not having an outbreak and we have used condoms consistently, is there a possibility that I could get infected? What is the likelihood?
2.
When he is not having an outbreak and we have used condoms correctly (without any breakage), is there a possibility of transmission from the testicles?
3.
If he touches his penis and then touches the condom-covered penis, is there a chance that the virus could be transmitted to me through the condom?
4.
I wear contact lenses.
If he has an outbreak and we share a faucet, is there a possibility that I could get the virus in my eyes through hand contact?

co co, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2006/12/03

Dr. Xu Weikai reply Urology

Hello, regarding herpes, in Taiwan, the majority of people have already been infected, with the virus lying dormant in their bodies at a rate of about 70-80%.
In other words, there is a significant chance that both parties have it, so there isn't really an issue of transmission.
Your boyfriend's situation is just a case of an outbreak.
For herpes, it cannot be completely cured; it remains latent and can reactivate when the immune system is weakened.
When the immune system is strong, it stays hidden and can flare up at any time.
This means that almost everyone carries this virus, and it is nearly impossible to completely eradicate it.
If herpes affects the eyes, it can lead to very serious corneal ulcers, and prompt medical attention is necessary.
In severe cases, it can damage the entire cornea, resulting in vision impairment (corneal transplantation can be performed to correct this).
For more detailed information, please consult an ophthalmologist.
This message is from Dr.
Hsu Wei-Kai, Director of Urology at Taitung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan.

Reply Date: 2006/12/03

More Info

When it comes to understanding herpes transmission risks, especially in the context of a committed relationship and impending marriage, it's essential to consider several factors related to the herpes simplex virus (HSV), particularly type 2 (HSV-2), which is commonly associated with genital herpes.
1. Transmission Risk with Condom Use: Using condoms consistently and correctly significantly reduces the risk of transmitting HSV-2. However, it does not eliminate the risk entirely. The virus can be present on skin areas not covered by a condom, such as the pubic region or thighs. Studies suggest that the risk of transmission when using condoms is reduced by about 30-50%, but it is still possible to contract the virus even with proper condom use. The exact probability of transmission varies based on several factors, including the frequency of outbreaks, the viral load, and the presence of any skin lesions.

2. Transmission from the Testicles: The risk of transmission from the testicles is generally low, especially if condoms are used correctly. The primary mode of transmission for HSV-2 is through direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. While the virus can theoretically be present on the skin of the testicles, the likelihood of transmission through this route is minimal compared to direct genital contact.
3. Hand-to-Genital Transmission: If your boyfriend touches his genital area and then touches the condom-covered penis, there is a potential risk of transferring the virus to the condom. However, the risk is significantly lower than direct contact without a condom. The virus does not survive long on surfaces, and the barrier of the condom provides additional protection. Nevertheless, it is advisable to maintain good hygiene practices, such as washing hands before engaging in sexual activity.

4. Eye Infection Risks: HSV-2 primarily affects the genital area, but HSV-1, which is more commonly associated with oral herpes, can cause ocular herpes. If your boyfriend has an active outbreak, the risk of transmission through shared surfaces, such as a faucet, is extremely low. However, if he touches an active lesion and then touches his eyes or your eyes, there is a risk of transmission. It is essential to avoid direct contact with any lesions and to practice good hygiene, especially if he has an active outbreak.

In summary, while the risk of transmission of HSV-2 can be significantly reduced through the consistent and correct use of condoms, it is not entirely eliminated. Open communication with your partner about his condition, potential outbreaks, and safe practices is crucial. If you have further concerns, consider consulting a healthcare professional for personalized advice and possibly discussing the option of antiviral medications that can reduce the risk of transmission. Additionally, regular check-ups and discussions about sexual health can help both partners feel more secure in their relationship.

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