Can Tied Vas Deferens Loosen Over Time? Male Sterilization Risks

If a male undergoes a vasectomy where the vas deferens is tied but not cut, will it loosen over time?

Hello Dr.
Liu, I previously asked you a question and thank you for your response.
I would like to ask you another question.
I found out from my boyfriend that he had a vasectomy ten years ago, but the vas deferens was only tied and not cut.
He mentioned that after ten years, it should have loosened.
Is this true? We did not use contraception last month, and he suddenly said this, which makes me very worried.
He said that at the time, he intended to have children in the future, which is why he only tied it and did not cut it.
Could this really loosen and lead to pregnancy?

JJ, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2008/07/06

Dr. Liu Jianting reply Urology

Semen analysis! It is a test to check whether there are sperm present in the semen.
This is the simplest and most effective way to address any concerns.

Reply Date: 2008/07/06

More Info

When it comes to male sterilization, specifically the procedure known as a vasectomy, it is important to understand the implications of the method used and the potential risks involved. In your case, your boyfriend underwent a vasectomy where the vas deferens was tied but not cut. This is a significant detail because the effectiveness of the procedure can vary depending on how it was performed.

1. Understanding Vasectomy Techniques: Traditionally, a vasectomy involves cutting and sealing the vas deferens, which is the tube that carries sperm from the testicles to the urethra. By cutting and sealing, the sperm cannot mix with the semen during ejaculation, effectively preventing pregnancy. However, in cases where the vas deferens is merely tied, there is a possibility that over time, the tension of the knot may loosen or the tissue may heal in a way that allows the vas deferens to reconnect. This phenomenon is known as "recanalization."
2. Time Factor: While it is true that the longer the time since the procedure, the less likely it is for the knot to loosen significantly, it is not impossible. Factors such as the technique used, the individual’s healing process, and even physical activities can influence the integrity of the tie. Although ten years is a considerable amount of time, it does not guarantee that the vas deferens has loosened to the point of allowing sperm to pass through again.

3. Risk of Pregnancy: If your boyfriend's vas deferens was only tied and not cut, there is a potential risk of pregnancy if the tie has loosened or if recanalization has occurred. If you have been engaging in unprotected intercourse, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test if there is a possibility of conception.
4. Consulting a Healthcare Provider: Given the concerns you have, it would be prudent for your boyfriend to consult with a urologist or a healthcare provider who specializes in male reproductive health. They can perform a semen analysis to determine if sperm is present, which would indicate whether the vasectomy has failed. This is a straightforward test that can provide clarity on the situation.

5. Future Considerations: If your boyfriend is considering fathering children in the future, he should discuss his options with a healthcare provider. There are procedures available to reverse a vasectomy, but the success rates can vary based on the time elapsed since the original procedure and the method used.

In conclusion, while there is a possibility that the tied vas deferens could loosen over time, it is not a certainty. The best course of action is to seek medical advice to assess the current situation accurately. This will not only alleviate your concerns but also provide a clear understanding of any potential risks moving forward.

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