Long-Term Constipation: Symptoms, Causes, and Risks

Inquiry

1.
For individuals with chronic constipation, experiencing symptoms such as fever, headache, chills, and lower back pain due to straining during bowel movements may indicate a possible infection or inflammation.
Initially, hydration and resting under blankets helped alleviate symptoms, and now using acetaminophen has provided some relief.
This situation could suggest a condition like a urinary tract infection or an abdominal issue related to the constipation.
Long-term consequences may include complications such as fecal impaction, hemorrhoids, or even rectal prolapse.
2.
Previously, the pain during bowel movements was localized, but now it presents as pain on either side of the stomach, which may indicate issues with the duodenum or surrounding organs.
The pain in the lower back could be related to referred pain from abdominal issues or muscular strain.
Inflammation of the spinal cord (myelitis) could lead to pain radiating to the arms, possibly due to nerve involvement or compression.
It is advisable to seek medical evaluation for a comprehensive assessment and appropriate management.

Lin, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2009/01/19

Dr. Chen Qifeng reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello, individuals with chronic constipation may experience pain in the head, neck, lower back, and limbs due to excessive straining during bowel movements and muscle stiffness.
These symptoms are primarily related to the excessive effort exerted.
As for lower back pain before bowel movements, it can occur in any area of the lower back, and it is not advisable to determine the cause of back pain solely based on the location of the pain.
If necessary, seeking medical attention is recommended.
Best regards, Dr.
Chi-Feng Chen, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2009/01/19

More Info

Long-term constipation can significantly impact an individual's quality of life and may lead to various complications if not addressed properly. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and potential risks associated with chronic constipation is essential for effective management and prevention of further health issues.

Symptoms of Long-Term Constipation
Chronic constipation is typically characterized by infrequent bowel movements, often defined as fewer than three times per week. Other common symptoms include:
- Straining during bowel movements
- Hard or lumpy stools
- A sensation of incomplete evacuation
- Abdominal discomfort or bloating
- Rectal bleeding or pain
In your case, the symptoms you describe—such as headaches, chills, and lower back pain—could be related to the strain and discomfort associated with chronic constipation. Straining to pass stool can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which might explain the headache. Additionally, the discomfort can cause muscle tension in the back, leading to pain.

Causes of Long-Term Constipation
Several factors can contribute to chronic constipation, including:
1. Dietary Factors: Low fiber intake and inadequate hydration are common culprits. A diet lacking in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can lead to harder stools that are difficult to pass.

2. Lifestyle Factors: Sedentary behavior, lack of physical activity, and ignoring the urge to have a bowel movement can exacerbate constipation.

3. Medications: Certain medications, including opioids, antacids containing aluminum, and some antidepressants, can slow down bowel motility.

4. Medical Conditions: Conditions such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and neurological disorders can affect bowel function.

5. Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, and depression can also play a role in bowel habits.

Risks and Complications of Long-Term Constipation
If left untreated, chronic constipation can lead to several complications:
- Hemorrhoids: Straining can cause swollen veins in the rectum, leading to hemorrhoids, which can be painful and may bleed.

- Anal Fissures: Hard stools can cause small tears in the anal lining, leading to pain and bleeding.

- Fecal Impaction: Severe constipation can result in a blockage of the intestines, requiring medical intervention to remove the impacted stool.

- Rectal Prolapse: Straining can lead to a portion of the rectum protruding from the anus.

- Bowel Obstruction: In extreme cases, chronic constipation can lead to a blockage in the intestines, which is a medical emergency.

Addressing Your Symptoms
The symptoms you describe, including headaches and abdominal pain, may indicate that your body is reacting to the strain of constipation. It’s crucial to address these symptoms holistically. Here are some recommendations:
1. Increase Fiber Intake: Aim for a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes to help soften stools.

2. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep stools soft.

3. Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to stimulate bowel function.

4. Consult a Healthcare Provider: Given your symptoms and the chronic nature of your constipation, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider. They can evaluate your condition, rule out any underlying issues, and recommend appropriate treatments, which may include laxatives or other medications.

5. Pain Management: While over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help alleviate discomfort, it’s vital to address the root cause of your pain rather than just masking it.

Conclusion
Long-term constipation can lead to a range of complications and discomforts. It’s essential to adopt lifestyle changes and seek medical advice to manage your symptoms effectively. By addressing dietary habits, hydration, and physical activity, you can improve your bowel health and overall well-being. If your symptoms persist or worsen, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment.

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