Nail Issues: Causes of Vertical Stripes and Cracking

Nail problems

Hello Dr.
Lin, my fingernails have many vertical ridges and are very uneven.
In the past, my middle finger's nail often cracked, but it would heal without issue.
However, for the past six months, my middle finger's nail has been continuously cracked (the other fingers are okay).
Could this indicate a deficiency in a certain nutrient? Thank you! Best wishes, Ms.
Hsieh.

Miss, 40~49 year old female. Ask Date: 2009/03/09

Dr. Jiang Yujiao reply Dermatology

Hello! If you have vertical stripes on your nails, it's important to check how many fingers are affected, whether it's one or all ten, as well as the thickness and depth of the stripes.
Generally, this is not related to nutritional deficiencies.
If the middle finger's nail is cracked, we need to determine where the crack is located—whether in the upper or lower part—and what is at the base of the crack.
These details are essential for a dermatologist to visually assess and make a diagnosis.
My last name is Jiang; I hope I am the person you intended to ask? Response from Jiang Yu-Jiao.

Reply Date: 2009/03/09

More Info

Dear Ms. Yi,
Thank you for your inquiry regarding the vertical stripes and cracking of your nails. Nail health can often reflect our overall health, and changes in the appearance of nails can be indicative of various underlying issues, including nutritional deficiencies, health conditions, or even environmental factors.

Causes of Vertical Stripes and Cracking
1. Nutritional Deficiencies: One of the most common reasons for changes in nail texture and strength is a deficiency in essential nutrients. Biotin, zinc, and protein are particularly important for nail health. Biotin, a B vitamin, is known to improve nail thickness and reduce brittleness. If your diet lacks these nutrients, it could lead to the symptoms you are experiencing.

2. Health Conditions: Certain health conditions can also manifest through changes in nail appearance. For instance, vertical ridges can be a normal part of aging, but they can also indicate conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or even systemic diseases like thyroid disorders. If the cracking is persistent and accompanied by other symptoms, it may warrant further investigation.

3. Environmental Factors: Frequent exposure to water, harsh chemicals, or even excessive hand washing can weaken nails and lead to cracking. If you are using nail polish or remover frequently, these products can also contribute to nail damage.
4. Trauma: Repeated trauma to the nail, such as from typing or using your hands in a way that puts pressure on your nails, can lead to cracking and ridges. If your middle finger is particularly affected, consider whether you might be inadvertently putting more stress on that finger.

Recommendations
1. Dietary Adjustments: Consider incorporating foods rich in biotin (such as eggs, nuts, and whole grains), zinc (found in meat, shellfish, legumes, and seeds), and protein (from lean meats, dairy, and legumes) into your diet. A multivitamin may also be beneficial, but consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplements.

2. Moisturizing: Keep your nails and cuticles moisturized. Using a good quality hand cream or cuticle oil can help to maintain nail health and prevent cracking.

3. Gentle Care: Avoid using your nails as tools, and try to minimize exposure to water and harsh chemicals. Wearing gloves while doing dishes or cleaning can protect your nails.

4. Consult a Professional: If your symptoms persist despite making these changes, or if you notice other concerning symptoms (such as discoloration, pain, or changes in the surrounding skin), it would be wise to consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider. They can provide a thorough examination and may recommend tests to rule out any underlying health issues.

5. Nail Treatments: There are specific nail strengthening treatments available that can help improve the condition of your nails. Look for products that contain keratin or other strengthening agents.

In conclusion, while vertical stripes and cracking nails can often be attributed to nutritional deficiencies or environmental factors, persistent issues should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to rule out any serious underlying conditions. Taking proactive steps in your diet and nail care routine can significantly improve the health and appearance of your nails.

Wishing you good health and well-being.

Best regards,
Doctor Q&A Teams

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