Testicular Size Changes: What You Need to Know

Testicular atrophy?

I noticed that my left testicle has shrunk.
Previously, it was not this small, but recently I discovered during a shower that the left testicle has significantly decreased in size (not due to temperature changes).
What could be the reason for this? Additionally, my right testicle is larger.
Although it's normal for one testicle to be bigger than the other, my left testicle has noticeably shrunk, which was not the case before! Previously, I had a larger right testicle and a smaller left one, but I found online that most people report having a larger left testicle and a smaller right one.
Is this normal? At my current age, what is considered a normal size for testicles at body temperature? Thank you.

Qi, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2009/04/30

Dr. Xu Weikai reply Urology

Hello, the size of the testicles is generally not affected by heat or cold.
If they are significantly smaller, it is best to consult a physician to determine the underlying cause.
Sometimes, conditions such as vascular obstruction or inflammation can lead to testicular shrinkage.
The normal size of testicles is approximately 2 x 3 x 4 centimeters.
If you have any further questions or need more clarification, feel free to ask, and we can discuss and research together.
Sincerely, Dr.
Hsu Wei-Kai, Director of Urology, Taitung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan.

Reply Date: 2009/04/30

More Info

Understanding changes in testicular size can be concerning, and it's important to approach this topic with a clear understanding of the potential causes and implications. Testicular size can vary significantly among individuals, and it is common for one testicle to be slightly larger than the other. However, a noticeable change in size, especially a reduction in one testicle, warrants further investigation.

Several factors can contribute to a decrease in testicular size. One of the most common causes is hormonal imbalances, particularly involving testosterone. Conditions such as hypogonadism, where the body does not produce enough testosterone, can lead to shrinkage of the testicles. This can occur due to various reasons, including aging, certain medical conditions, or damage to the testicular tissue.

Another potential cause of testicular shrinkage is the presence of a varicocele, which is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum. Varicoceles can affect blood flow and lead to testicular atrophy over time. Similarly, conditions such as testicular torsion, trauma, or infections (like epididymitis or orchitis) can also result in changes in size and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

In your case, since you have noticed a significant change in the size of your left testicle, it is advisable to consult a urologist. They can perform a physical examination and may recommend imaging studies, such as an ultrasound, to assess the condition of the testicles and surrounding structures. This will help determine if there are any underlying issues that need to be addressed.

Regarding normal testicular size, it can vary widely among individuals. Generally, adult testicles are about 1.5 to 2 inches (approximately 3.5 to 5 cm) in length and about 1 inch (approximately 2.5 cm) in width. However, size can be influenced by various factors, including genetics and overall health. It is essential to remember that what is considered "normal" can differ from person to person.

In conclusion, while some variation in testicular size is normal, a noticeable decrease in size, especially if it occurs suddenly or is accompanied by other symptoms (such as pain, swelling, or changes in sexual function), should not be ignored. Seeking medical advice is crucial to rule out any serious conditions and to ensure proper management. Your health is important, and addressing these concerns with a qualified healthcare provider will provide you with the best guidance and care.

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