Sudden Vision Changes: Possible Causes and Solutions - Ophthalmology

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Sudden changes in vision can be alarming and may indicate underlying health issues that require immediate attention. In your sister's case, experiencing a sudden loss of vision, particularly described as a "black" or "foggy" appearance upon waking, could be attributed to several potential causes, especially given her high degree of myopia (over 1000 degrees) and astigmatism.

1. Retinal Detachment: One of the most serious conditions that can cause sudden vision changes is retinal detachment. This occurs when the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, pulls away from its normal position. Symptoms may include sudden flashes of light, floaters, or a shadow or curtain over part of the visual field. Given your sister's high myopia, she is at increased risk for this condition, making it essential to seek immediate evaluation from an eye care professional.

2. Vitreous Detachment: In individuals with high myopia, the vitreous gel that fills the eye can become more liquid and may pull away from the retina, leading to symptoms such as floaters or flashes of light. While this is often less serious than a retinal detachment, it can still lead to complications if not monitored.

3. Optic Nerve Issues: Conditions affecting the optic nerve, such as optic neuritis or ischemic optic neuropathy, can also lead to sudden vision changes. These conditions may be associated with other symptoms, such as pain with eye movement or changes in color vision.

4. Corneal Issues: Conditions affecting the cornea, such as corneal edema or keratitis, can cause blurred or foggy vision. These conditions may be exacerbated by contact lens wear or other factors.

5. Systemic Conditions: As mentioned by the medical student, systemic issues such as anemia or other metabolic disorders can affect vision. However, these are less likely to cause sudden, localized vision changes compared to ocular conditions.

6. Medication Effects: If your sister is using any medications, especially those that may affect vision (like certain eye drops), it’s important to consider their potential side effects.

Given the range of possible causes, it is crucial for your sister to undergo a comprehensive eye examination as soon as possible. This examination should include a dilated fundus exam, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and possibly visual field testing to assess the health of the retina and optic nerve.

In terms of finding a suitable facility in Taipei, many hospitals and eye clinics offer advanced diagnostic equipment and are open on weekends. Some reputable institutions include:
- Taipei Medical University Hospital: Known for its comprehensive eye care services and advanced diagnostic tools.

- National Taiwan University Hospital: Offers a wide range of eye care services and is equipped with the latest technology for detailed examinations.

- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital: Another excellent option with a dedicated ophthalmology department.

It is advisable to call ahead to confirm availability and whether they accept walk-ins or require appointments, especially on weekends.

In conclusion, sudden vision changes warrant prompt medical evaluation to rule out serious conditions. Your sister should seek care from an ophthalmologist who can provide a thorough assessment and appropriate management based on the findings. Early intervention is key to preserving vision and addressing any underlying issues effectively.