Ear Discharge: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options - Family Medicine

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Ear discharge, particularly when it is thick and accompanied by an unpleasant odor, can be indicative of several underlying conditions, primarily involving inflammation or infection of the ear. The most common causes of ear discharge include acute otitis media (middle ear infection), otitis externa (outer ear infection), and, in some cases, a perforated eardrum.
When you mention that your ear is "wet" and has a discharge, it suggests that there is likely some form of infection present. In acute otitis media, fluid accumulates in the middle ear, which can lead to a rupture of the eardrum, resulting in pus or fluid draining from the ear. This discharge can often have a foul smell due to the presence of bacteria. Otitis externa, often referred to as swimmer's ear, occurs when water remains trapped in the ear canal, creating an environment conducive to bacterial growth, which can also lead to discharge.

To determine the exact cause of your symptoms, a thorough examination by an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist is essential. They will typically use an otoscope, which is a device equipped with a light and magnifying lens, to visualize the ear canal and eardrum. This examination allows the doctor to assess whether there is any inflammation, infection, or perforation of the eardrum.
In terms of treatment, the approach will depend on the underlying cause of the discharge. If the discharge is due to an infection, antibiotics may be prescribed. For cases of otitis externa, topical antibiotic drops are often effective. If there is a perforation of the eardrum, the treatment may involve keeping the ear dry and monitoring for healing, as many perforations can heal on their own. In some cases, surgical intervention may be required, particularly if there are recurrent infections or if the perforation does not heal.

It is crucial to avoid inserting anything into the ear canal, such as cotton swabs, as this can exacerbate the problem by pushing debris further into the ear or causing additional injury. Instead, keeping the ear dry and following your doctor's recommendations for treatment is advisable.

Regarding your question about whether you can see the inside of your ear when you clean it, it's important to note that the ear canal is not directly visible without the aid of an otoscope. The outer ear canal can be seen, but the middle ear, where many infections occur, is not accessible without specialized equipment.
In a clinical setting, when a patient presents with ear discharge, the healthcare provider will typically conduct a detailed history and physical examination, followed by appropriate diagnostic tests if necessary. This may include hearing tests or imaging studies if there are concerns about more complex issues.

In summary, ear discharge can be a sign of infection or inflammation, and it is important to seek medical attention for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Avoid self-treatment and consult with an ENT specialist to ensure appropriate care and management of your symptoms.