How to Test for Solar Urticaria in Chronic Hives Patients

Solar urticaria

I have chronic urticaria, but I'm not sure which type it is.
How can I test to see if it is solar urticaria?

Lai, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2011/03/12

Dr. Huang Ruiyun reply Dermatology

Solar urticaria is characterized by the development of wheals on sun-exposed areas of the skin, which typically resolve within an hour.
There is generally no need for specific testing.

Reply Date: 2011/03/12

More Info

Solar urticaria, a type of physical urticaria, is characterized by the development of hives in response to exposure to sunlight. If you have chronic hives and suspect that you may have solar urticaria, it is important to undergo specific testing to confirm the diagnosis. Here’s how you can approach this situation:
1. Consultation with a Dermatologist or Allergist: The first step is to consult a healthcare professional, preferably a dermatologist or an allergist. They will take a detailed medical history, including the onset, duration, and characteristics of your hives, as well as any potential triggers you may have noticed.

2. Phototesting: The most common method to diagnose solar urticaria is through phototesting. This involves exposing a small area of your skin to controlled amounts of ultraviolet (UV) light, typically UVB or UVA, in a clinical setting. The healthcare provider will observe your skin for any reactions, such as the development of hives, redness, or swelling, within a specific time frame after exposure.
3. Patch Testing: In some cases, patch testing may also be performed to rule out other forms of contact dermatitis that could mimic solar urticaria. This involves applying allergens to your skin and observing for reactions over a few days.

4. Histamine Release Test: Some clinics may perform a histamine release test, where a small amount of histamine is injected into the skin to see if it triggers a hive response. This can help differentiate solar urticaria from other types of chronic hives.

5. Photopatch Testing: This is a specialized form of testing where allergens are applied to the skin and then exposed to UV light. This can help identify if there is a photoallergic reaction contributing to your symptoms.

6. Symptom Diary: Keeping a diary of your symptoms can also be helpful. Note when the hives occur, how long they last, and any potential triggers, including sun exposure. This information can assist your healthcare provider in making a diagnosis.

7. Blood Tests: While not specific for solar urticaria, blood tests may be conducted to rule out other underlying conditions that could contribute to chronic hives, such as autoimmune disorders or infections.

8. Management and Treatment: If diagnosed with solar urticaria, management typically involves avoiding sun exposure, using broad-spectrum sunscreen, and possibly taking antihistamines to control symptoms. In some cases, phototherapy may be recommended to help desensitize the skin to sunlight.

It is important to note that solar urticaria is relatively rare, and many patients with chronic hives may not have this specific condition. Therefore, a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. If you suspect you have solar urticaria, do not hesitate to seek medical advice to ensure you receive the best care possible.

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