Frequent Fever and Sore Throat: Causes and Concerns

Some questions about fever?

I experienced fever more than a dozen times last year, but it rarely exceeded 39 degrees Celsius.
Before I noticed the fever, I would first experience a sore throat, which made me realize I was running a fever.
Why do I frequently have fevers, and why does each episode come with a sore throat that makes me reluctant to eat (due to the pain)? However, I do not exhibit the typical symptoms of a common cold.
My father had acute leukemia; could I be genetically predisposed to having a weaker immune system?

~Kuramacat~, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2002/02/01

Dr. Zhao Chongliang reply Internal Medicine

Long-term low-grade intermittent fever should raise considerations for chronic inflammation, lymphoproliferative disorders, and collagen vascular diseases.
The former, particularly in Taiwan, should include the possibility of tuberculosis.
The second category may also apply to your father's situation.
Lastly, in females, systemic lupus erythematosus should be considered.
I recommend that you get a chest X-ray at the hospital and consult a pulmonologist to check for tuberculosis.
For the second condition, you can first self-examine for enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, and groin; if necessary, seek consultation in a hematology department at a major hospital.
For the third condition, you can initially test for rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANA), C3, and C4; if any results are abnormal, you may need to see a rheumatologist for further evaluation.
If all these tests are normal, it may simply indicate a weaker constitution that is more susceptible to infections, but it would not be related to your father's hematologic malignancy.
Wishing you good health.
Sincerely, Dr.
Chao Chong-Liang, Zhudong Hospital.

Reply Date: 2002/02/01

More Info

Frequent fevers accompanied by sore throat can be concerning, especially when they occur repeatedly without clear signs of a common cold or other typical infections. Your experience of having multiple episodes of fever, often preceded by throat pain, raises several important considerations regarding potential underlying causes.

Firstly, it is essential to understand that fever is a natural response of the body to infection or inflammation. The immune system triggers this response to help fight off pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria. In your case, the recurrent sore throat suggests that there may be an ongoing issue in your upper respiratory tract. Common causes of sore throat include viral infections (like the common cold or influenza), bacterial infections (such as streptococcal throat), allergies, or even irritants like smoke or pollution.

Given that you mentioned your fevers rarely exceed 39 degrees Celsius (102.2 degrees Fahrenheit), this suggests that while your body is responding to something, it may not be a severe infection. However, the consistent pattern of fever and sore throat could indicate a chronic condition, such as recurrent viral infections, chronic tonsillitis, or even an autoimmune disorder that affects your throat and immune response.

Your concern about a hereditary condition, especially considering your father's history with acute leukemia, is valid. While acute leukemia itself is not directly hereditary, certain genetic predispositions can increase the risk of various blood disorders and immune system issues. However, it is crucial to note that having a family history of cancer does not automatically imply that you will experience similar health issues. It may be beneficial to discuss your family history with a healthcare provider, who can assess your risk factors and recommend appropriate screenings or preventive measures.

Additionally, the absence of typical cold symptoms, such as a runny nose or cough, may suggest that your body is reacting differently to infections. Some individuals may experience atypical presentations of common illnesses, which can complicate diagnosis. It is also worth considering that chronic stress or anxiety can manifest physically, leading to symptoms such as throat discomfort and fever. Stress can weaken the immune system, making one more susceptible to infections.

To address your concerns effectively, it is advisable to seek a comprehensive evaluation from a healthcare professional. This may include blood tests to check for infections, autoimmune markers, and possibly imaging studies if there are concerns about structural issues in the throat or surrounding areas. A referral to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist may also be warranted to explore any underlying conditions that could be contributing to your symptoms.

In summary, while your recurrent fevers and sore throat may be indicative of an underlying infection or chronic condition, a thorough medical evaluation is necessary to determine the exact cause. It is essential to communicate your symptoms clearly to your healthcare provider, including the frequency and duration of your fevers, any associated symptoms, and your family medical history. This information will aid in developing an appropriate diagnostic and treatment plan tailored to your needs. Remember, early intervention can lead to better outcomes, so do not hesitate to seek medical advice.

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