Chalazion: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

I have been experiencing recurrent chalazia in my eyes?

I have been experiencing chalazia in my eyes lately.
This is the term the doctor used when I first consulted him.
The symptoms include the presence of white, oily lumps around my eyes that keep getting larger.
Sometimes they are painful, and sometimes they are not.
They can appear on the upper eyelid, lower eyelid, or even on the outside, and they tend to alternate between my left and right eyes.
Each time one develops, I have to go to the clinic for a procedure to cut it open and drain the oil.
The most frightening part for me is the pain during the anesthesia injection; it hurts so much that I end up crying.
I asked the doctor why this happens, and he always tells me to avoid staying up late, eating oily foods, chocolate, and peanuts.
However, I don’t often consume these foods, and I usually go to bed before 11 PM, so it shouldn't be due to my lifestyle.
Is this condition really caused by my constitution? Are there any methods to improve it? I really don’t want to undergo surgery every so often; it’s truly painful! Thank you for taking the time to answer my questions.

Xuan Ying, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2011/08/01

Dr. Wang Zhangji reply Ophthalmology

The upper and lower eyelids are filled with small glands, and when the ducts become blocked or the glands become inflamed, a chalazion can form.
In addition to maintaining a regular routine and getting sufficient sleep, applying warm compresses can help keep the glands unobstructed, but it should not be too hot or involve excessive pressure on the eyes.
Furthermore, reducing fried foods or taking fish oil (not cod liver oil) may improve the lipid composition of the glandular secretions and potentially decrease the likelihood of blockage.

Reply Date: 2011/08/01

More Info

Chalazion, commonly referred to as a meibomian cyst, is a condition that arises from the blockage of the meibomian glands located in the eyelids. These glands are responsible for producing the oily layer of the tear film, which helps to keep the eyes lubricated. When these glands become obstructed, it can lead to the accumulation of oil, resulting in a firm, painless lump on the eyelid. However, if the cyst becomes inflamed, it can cause discomfort and pain, which may be the symptoms you are experiencing.

Causes of Chalazion
The exact cause of chalazion can vary, but several factors may contribute to its development:
1. Gland Blockage: The primary cause is the blockage of the meibomian glands. This can occur due to thickened oil or debris that prevents the normal drainage of the gland.

2. Skin Conditions: Conditions such as rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis can increase the likelihood of developing chalazia due to inflammation and changes in the skin's oil production.

3. Poor Eyelid Hygiene: Inadequate cleaning of the eyelids can lead to the accumulation of oils and debris, contributing to gland blockage.

4. Systemic Conditions: Certain systemic conditions, such as diabetes, can predispose individuals to chalazion formation.

Symptoms of Chalazion
The symptoms of chalazion can vary based on the severity of the blockage and whether inflammation is present:
- Painless Lump: Initially, chalazia are usually painless and present as a small lump on the eyelid.

- Swelling and Redness: If the cyst becomes inflamed, it may become red, swollen, and tender to the touch.

- Discomfort: Some individuals may experience discomfort or a sensation of pressure in the affected eyelid.

- Vision Disturbance: In rare cases, if the chalazion is large enough, it can press against the eyeball and cause vision disturbances.

Treatment Options
1. Warm Compresses: Applying a warm compress to the affected eyelid for 10-15 minutes several times a day can help to soften the hardened oil and promote drainage of the gland.

2. Gentle Massage: After using a warm compress, gently massaging the eyelid can help to express the blocked oil from the gland.

3. Topical Medications: In some cases, your doctor may prescribe antibiotic ointments or steroid injections to reduce inflammation.

4. Surgical Intervention: If conservative treatments fail, surgical drainage may be necessary. This is typically a minor procedure performed in a doctor's office. While you mentioned discomfort during anesthesia, it is important to communicate your concerns with your healthcare provider, as they may be able to offer options to minimize pain.

Lifestyle Modifications
While you mentioned that you maintain a healthy lifestyle, here are additional tips that may help reduce the frequency of chalazion occurrences:
- Eyelid Hygiene: Regularly clean your eyelids with a gentle eyelid scrub or diluted baby shampoo to remove oils and debris.

- Avoid Eye Makeup: If you wear eye makeup, consider reducing its use or ensuring it is hypoallergenic and non-comedogenic.

- Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help maintain overall skin health.

- Dietary Considerations: While your doctor advised against certain foods, maintaining a balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish and flaxseeds) may support gland function.

Conclusion
Chalazion can be a frustrating condition, especially when it requires repeated medical intervention. While it may be influenced by your individual physiology, implementing good eyelid hygiene and considering lifestyle modifications can help manage and potentially reduce the frequency of these cysts. If you continue to experience issues, it may be beneficial to consult with an ophthalmologist who can provide tailored advice and treatment options based on your specific situation.

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