Swelling and Pain After Trigger Finger Surgery: Causes and Insights - Orthopedics

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After undergoing trigger finger surgery, it is not uncommon to experience lingering swelling, pain, and difficulty in fully extending the finger. These symptoms can be attributed to several factors related to the healing process and the nature of the surgery itself.

Firstly, the surgical procedure involves cutting through the thickened tendon sheath that surrounds the flexor tendons in the finger. This sheath can become inflamed and thickened due to repetitive motion or overuse, leading to the condition known as trigger finger. Post-surgery, the body initiates a healing response, which includes inflammation. This inflammation is a natural part of the healing process, but it can lead to swelling and discomfort. It is important to note that swelling can persist for several weeks or even months after surgery, especially if the surgery was performed on a joint or tendon that is frequently used.

Secondly, the pain and swelling you are experiencing may be exacerbated by the immobilization of the finger during the initial recovery phase. While immobilization is necessary to allow the surgical site to heal, it can also lead to stiffness in the joints and tendons. This stiffness can make it difficult to fully extend the finger, resulting in a sensation of tightness or discomfort when attempting to do so. Gentle range-of-motion exercises, as recommended by your healthcare provider, can help alleviate this stiffness and promote better mobility.

Another factor to consider is the potential for scar tissue formation. After surgery, scar tissue can develop around the surgical site, which may restrict movement and contribute to pain. This is particularly relevant in the case of trigger finger surgery, where the goal is to restore smooth gliding of the tendons. Scar tissue can interfere with this process, leading to ongoing symptoms. Physical therapy may be beneficial in this regard, as a trained therapist can provide targeted exercises and modalities to help break down scar tissue and improve function.

In some cases, persistent pain and swelling may indicate complications such as infection or nerve entrapment. While these are less common, they can occur and may require further evaluation. Signs of infection include increased redness, warmth, or discharge from the surgical site, as well as fever. If you notice any of these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly.

Given that you are over a month post-surgery and still experiencing these symptoms, it is advisable to follow up with your surgeon or healthcare provider. They can assess your healing progress, rule out any complications, and provide guidance on the next steps. This may include recommendations for physical therapy, pain management strategies, or additional interventions if necessary.

In summary, swelling and pain after trigger finger surgery can be attributed to inflammation, stiffness from immobilization, scar tissue formation, or potential complications. It is essential to maintain open communication with your healthcare provider to ensure a smooth recovery and address any concerns you may have. Engaging in gentle exercises, following post-operative care instructions, and attending follow-up appointments will be key to regaining full function of your finger.