Elevated ALT Levels: Causes and When to See a Doctor - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

More Info

---

Elevated ALT (alanine aminotransferase) levels can be concerning, especially when they are significantly above the normal range. Normal ALT levels typically range from 7 to 56 U/L, and values above this range can indicate liver inflammation or damage. In your case, an ALT level of 91 U/L is indeed elevated and warrants further investigation.


Causes of Elevated ALT Levels
1. Liver Conditions: The most common causes of elevated ALT levels are liver-related issues. These can include:
- Hepatitis: Viral hepatitis (such as Hepatitis A, B, or C) can lead to increased ALT levels. Since you mentioned that your father has Hepatitis B, it is important to consider that you may be at risk as well.

- Fatty Liver Disease: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly common, especially in individuals who may be overweight or have metabolic syndrome.

- Alcoholic Liver Disease: Even though you mentioned you do not drink alcohol, it is worth noting that excessive alcohol consumption can lead to liver damage.

- Liver Cirrhosis: Chronic liver damage from various causes can lead to cirrhosis, which can also elevate ALT levels.

2. Medications and Supplements: Certain medications, including over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen, and some herbal supplements can cause liver damage and elevate ALT levels. You mentioned taking lutein and fish oil; while these are generally considered safe, it's essential to monitor any supplements you take.

3. Metabolic Disorders: Conditions such as hemochromatosis (iron overload) or Wilson's disease (copper overload) can also affect liver function and lead to elevated ALT levels.

4. Other Factors:
- Obesity: Being overweight can contribute to fatty liver disease, which can elevate liver enzymes.

- Physical Activity: Intense exercise can sometimes lead to temporary increases in liver enzymes, particularly if there is muscle damage.

- Infections: Certain infections, even those not directly related to the liver, can cause elevated liver enzymes.


When to See a Doctor
Given your elevated ALT level and family history of Hepatitis B, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider. They may recommend:
- Further Testing: This could include additional blood tests to check for viral hepatitis, liver function tests, and possibly imaging studies like an ultrasound to assess liver health.

- Lifestyle Modifications: Depending on the findings, your doctor may suggest dietary changes, weight management, and increased physical activity to help improve liver health.

- Monitoring: Regular follow-up blood tests may be necessary to monitor your liver enzyme levels and assess any changes over time.


Preventive Measures
To help prevent further elevation of ALT levels and support liver health, consider the following:
- Healthy Diet: Focus on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Avoid high-fat, high-sugar, and processed foods.

- Regular Exercise: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, along with strength training exercises.

- Avoid Alcohol: Since alcohol can exacerbate liver issues, it is wise to avoid it altogether, especially if you have elevated liver enzymes.

- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water and avoid sugary drinks.

- Regular Check-ups: Keep up with routine health screenings and blood tests as recommended by your healthcare provider.

In conclusion, while an elevated ALT level can be alarming, understanding the potential causes and taking proactive steps can help manage your liver health. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial to determine the underlying cause and appropriate management.