Why Am I Suddenly Experiencing Frequent Nosebleeds?

Why have I suddenly started having nosebleeds?

Hello, doctor.
I have never had a nosebleed in my life until November of last year.
One day, without picking my nose or getting hit, I suddenly started bleeding from my nose as if a faucet had been turned on.
I could clearly feel it gushing out like a spray! However, it stopped within a few minutes, so I didn’t think much of it.
About a week later, I sneezed, and the nosebleed started again, although it also stopped within a few minutes.
This really startled me! After those two incidents, I didn’t have any nosebleeds for about three months, and I thought everything was fine.
But unexpectedly, at the end of January, I had another nosebleed without any warning! Since then, I have been so worried that I don’t dare to blow my nose too hard, I avoid picking at any crust, and I even fear sneezing.
Then today at noon, I felt something strange in my nose and thought to myself, "I hope I’m not going to have another nosebleed." Just as that thought crossed my mind, the nosebleed started again, and I could really feel how fast it was flowing!!! Although it stopped after a short while, having four nosebleeds in the past four months has really frightened me.
Could I be suffering from some illness??? Why am I suddenly experiencing these nosebleeds??? How can I prevent them from happening again??? Would using a cotton swab dipped in liquid paraffin help if I apply it inside my nose??? I want to buy a nasal irrigator to clean my nose, but I’m afraid that after using it, if I blow my nose, it will start bleeding again!!! What should I do? I’m really worried!!!

Yun Li, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2013/02/22

Dr. Zheng Jueyi reply Otolaryngology

Dear Yun-Li,
Hello.
Most nosebleeds occur at the anterior part of the nasal septum.
If there are repeated episodes of significant bleeding, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation to check for any prominent bleeding vessels in that area.
If such vessels are present, they may lead to spontaneous nosebleeds.
You can apply petroleum jelly or eye ointment to the anterior part of the nose to reduce the likelihood of bleeding.
Using a nasal irrigation device is generally not recommended for nosebleeds, as it may increase the risk of bleeding.
Medical intervention, such as chemical cauterization or electrocautery, can be performed to shrink the blood vessels, making them less prone to bleeding.
Wishing you safety and health.
Sincerely,
Dr.
Jue-Yi Cheng
Director, Department of Otolaryngology
Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare

Reply Date: 2013/02/22

More Info

Experiencing sudden and frequent nosebleeds can be concerning, especially if you have never had them before. There are several potential causes for your situation, and understanding these can help alleviate some of your worries.

Firstly, it’s important to note that nosebleeds, or epistaxis, can occur due to a variety of factors. The most common causes include:
1. Dry Air: One of the most frequent reasons for nosebleeds is dry air, especially during winter months when indoor heating is used. Dryness can cause the nasal membranes to become irritated and more prone to bleeding.

2. Nasal Irritation: This can be caused by allergies, colds, or sinus infections. Frequent sneezing or blowing your nose can also irritate the nasal passages, leading to bleeding.

3. Trauma: While you mentioned that you haven't experienced any trauma, even minor incidents like vigorous nose blowing or sneezing can cause small blood vessels in the nose to rupture.

4. Underlying Health Conditions: Conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure), blood clotting disorders, or even certain medications (like blood thinners) can increase the likelihood of nosebleeds.

5. Structural Issues: Deviated septum or other anatomical abnormalities in the nasal passages can contribute to frequent nosebleeds.

Given that you have experienced multiple episodes over a few months, it would be wise to consult with a healthcare professional. They may recommend a thorough examination of your nasal passages, possibly using a nasal endoscope, to check for any structural issues or signs of chronic irritation.

In the meantime, there are several strategies you can employ to help prevent future nosebleeds:
- Humidify Your Environment: Using a humidifier in your home can help maintain moisture in the air, which can prevent your nasal membranes from drying out.

- Nasal Saline Sprays: These can help keep your nasal passages moist. Regular use can be beneficial, especially in dry conditions.

- Avoid Picking or Blowing Your Nose Forcefully: This can help prevent trauma to the delicate blood vessels in your nose.

- Use Petroleum Jelly: Applying a small amount of petroleum jelly to the inside of your nostrils can help keep the area moist.

- Stay Hydrated: Drinking plenty of fluids can help keep your mucous membranes hydrated.

Regarding your question about using a cotton swab with liquid paraffin, while it may provide some moisture, it’s essential to be gentle and avoid inserting anything too far into your nostrils, as this can cause further irritation or injury.

If you decide to use a nasal irrigation system, it can be beneficial for clearing out mucus and allergens, but be cautious. After using it, if you feel any discomfort or notice bleeding, it might be best to avoid it until you have consulted with a healthcare provider.

In summary, while occasional nosebleeds can be normal, frequent occurrences warrant a medical evaluation to rule out any underlying issues. Taking preventive measures and seeking professional advice can help manage your symptoms and provide peace of mind.

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