Myopia Progression: Tips for College Students

Worsening myopia?

Hello doctor, I am 19 years old.
Last year, my myopia was -3.00 (which hasn't changed in the past three years) and -5.00 (which worsens every year).
I originally thought that my vision would stabilize after reaching adulthood, but since starting college and reading for long hours every day, I feel like I might need to change my glasses again.
When I take off my glasses, everything seems blurry no matter how big the object is.
I would like to ask, should I wear my glasses all day, or is it okay to take them off occasionally? Besides surgery, is there really no way to improve my vision? Can contact lenses prevent my vision from worsening? What should I eat to help prevent my eyesight from deteriorating? Thank you.

Ting Ting, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2013/04/11

Dr. Zhuang Yamin reply Ophthalmology

Dear Ting-Ting,
Generally speaking, after the age of 18, the refractive status of the cornea tends to stabilize, and the prescription will be more consistent.
However, if there is prolonged near work, it is still possible to experience symptoms similar to pseudomyopia.
Whether using eye drops or taking dietary supplements, these are not fundamental solutions.
Please remember to take regular breaks; it is recommended to look into the distance for a short period after reading up close for 40 to 50 minutes to allow the eye muscles to relax.
Additionally, I would like to remind you that blurred vision does not necessarily indicate an increase in prescription.
If you still experience blurred vision after adequate rest, it is advisable to consult an ophthalmologist for a thorough examination.
Wishing you good health,
Changhua Hospital, Department of Health

Reply Date: 2013/04/11

More Info

Understanding myopia progression, especially for college students, is crucial as academic demands often lead to increased eye strain and potential worsening of vision. Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a common refractive error where distant objects appear blurry while close objects can be seen clearly. The progression of myopia can be influenced by various factors, including genetics, environmental conditions, and lifestyle choices.

Myopia Progression in College Students
1. Increased Screen Time and Reading: College students often spend long hours reading textbooks, using computers, and engaging with digital devices. This extended near work can contribute to eye strain and may accelerate myopia progression. It’s essential to take regular breaks using the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds.

2. Outdoor Activities: Studies suggest that spending time outdoors may help slow the progression of myopia. Natural light exposure and the opportunity to focus on distant objects can be beneficial. Aim for at least 2 hours of outdoor activity each day, if possible.

3. Proper Eyewear Use: Wearing glasses or contact lenses as prescribed is essential for managing myopia. If you have been prescribed glasses for distance vision, it is advisable to wear them when needed, especially during lectures or while driving. However, if you are comfortable and your vision is not significantly impaired, you can occasionally take them off during close-up tasks.
4. Contact Lenses: While contact lenses can provide clear vision and may be more convenient for some students, they do not inherently prevent myopia from worsening. However, some studies suggest that certain types of contact lenses, such as orthokeratology lenses or multifocal lenses, may help slow myopia progression. Consult with an eye care professional about the best options for your situation.

Dietary Considerations
While no specific food can reverse myopia, a balanced diet rich in vitamins and nutrients can support overall eye health. Consider incorporating the following into your diet:
- Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, and other leafy greens are high in lutein and zeaxanthin, antioxidants that may help protect against retinal damage.

- Fish: Fatty fish like salmon and tuna are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for eye health.

- Fruits and Vegetables: Foods high in vitamins A, C, and E, such as carrots, oranges, and nuts, can contribute to maintaining good vision.

- Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is essential for overall health, including eye health.

Alternatives to Surgery
While surgical options like LASIK can correct refractive errors, they are not suitable for everyone, especially younger individuals whose eyes may still be changing. Non-surgical options include:
- Orthokeratology: This involves wearing specially designed contact lenses overnight to reshape the cornea temporarily, allowing for clear vision during the day without glasses or contacts.

- Atropine Eye Drops: Low-dose atropine drops have been shown to slow myopia progression in children and adolescents. Consult with an eye care professional to see if this is a viable option for you.

Conclusion
In summary, managing myopia progression involves a combination of proper eyewear use, lifestyle adjustments, outdoor activities, and a healthy diet. Regular eye examinations are crucial to monitor your vision and make necessary adjustments to your prescription. If you have concerns about your vision or myopia progression, it is advisable to consult with an eye care professional who can provide personalized recommendations based on your specific needs.

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