Is It Safe to Dive with High Myopia? Eye Health Considerations - Ophthalmology

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When considering the safety of diving or engaging in water sports with high myopia, particularly at a level of around 600 degrees, there are several important factors to take into account regarding eye health and the potential risks involved.

High myopia, or severe nearsightedness, increases the risk of various eye conditions, including retinal detachment, which can be a serious concern during activities that involve rapid changes in pressure, such as diving. The retina is the thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye that is responsible for receiving light and sending visual signals to the brain. In individuals with high myopia, the eye is often elongated, which can lead to thinning of the retina and an increased likelihood of retinal tears or detachment.

1. Pressure Changes and Retinal Health: When diving, especially at significant depths, the pressure on the body and eyes increases. This pressure can potentially exacerbate existing weaknesses in the retina, particularly in individuals with high myopia. While the risk of retinal detachment during diving is not solely determined by myopia, those with high degrees of myopia should be particularly cautious. The sudden changes in pressure can lead to stress on the retinal tissue, which may increase the risk of complications.

2. Symptoms to Watch For: If you experience any sudden changes in vision, such as flashes of light, an increase in floaters, or a shadow or curtain effect in your vision, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. These symptoms could indicate a retinal tear or detachment, which requires prompt treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.

3. Consulting with an Eye Specialist: Given your myopia and the hereditary nature of your eye condition, it is advisable to consult with an ophthalmologist or a retina specialist before engaging in diving or similar activities. They can perform a thorough examination, including a dilated fundus exam, to assess the health of your retina and determine if you are at increased risk for complications during diving.

4. Protective Measures: If you are cleared to dive, consider taking protective measures such as wearing appropriate dive masks that fit well and do not put additional pressure on your eyes. Additionally, avoid deep dives or rapid ascents, as these can increase the risk of barotrauma, which can affect the eyes.

5. Alternatives to Diving: If there are concerns about the safety of diving, consider alternative water activities that do not involve significant pressure changes, such as snorkeling at shallow depths, where the risks to your eyes may be lower.

In conclusion, while diving with high myopia is not outright prohibited, it does carry increased risks that should not be taken lightly. A thorough evaluation by an eye care professional is essential to ensure that your eyes are healthy enough for such activities. Always prioritize your eye health and safety, and do not hesitate to seek professional advice tailored to your specific condition.