Nipple Pain: Causes and When to Seek Help

Pain upon touching the nipple?

Dear Dr.
Hsu,
Hello, recently I have been experiencing pain when touching my nipples, and I am unsure of the cause of this condition.
I would appreciate your guidance on this matter.
Thank you!

Yuan Qingxi, 50~59 year old female. Ask Date: 2014/03/28

Dr. Xu Kaixi reply Surgery

Based on the description you provided, further examinations are needed to confirm the issue.
It is recommended to visit the surgical outpatient clinic for an evaluation.

Reply Date: 2014/03/28

More Info

Nipple pain can be a concerning symptom for many individuals, and understanding its potential causes is essential for determining when to seek medical help. Nipple pain, or mastalgia, can arise from various factors, and it is important to consider both physiological and psychological aspects when evaluating this condition.

Common Causes of Nipple Pain
1. Hormonal Changes: One of the most common causes of nipple pain is hormonal fluctuations, particularly those associated with the menstrual cycle. Many women experience breast tenderness or nipple pain in the days leading up to their period due to changes in estrogen and progesterone levels.

2. Breastfeeding: For nursing mothers, nipple pain can be a result of improper latch or breastfeeding technique. This can lead to soreness, cracking, or even infections such as mastitis, which can cause significant discomfort.

3. Infections: Infections, including fungal infections or abscesses, can lead to localized pain. Conditions like ductal ectasia, where a milk duct beneath the nipple dilates and fills with fluid, can also cause pain and discomfort.

4. Skin Conditions: Dermatitis, eczema, or other skin conditions affecting the nipple area can lead to pain and sensitivity. Allergic reactions to soaps, lotions, or laundry detergents can also be culprits.

5. Fibrocystic Changes: Many women experience fibrocystic breast changes, which can cause lumps and tenderness in the breast tissue, including the nipple area. This condition is usually benign but can be uncomfortable.

6. Trauma or Injury: Physical trauma to the breast or nipple area, whether from sports, accidents, or even aggressive self-examination, can lead to pain.

7. Underlying Medical Conditions: In some cases, nipple pain can be a symptom of more serious conditions, including breast cancer. While this is less common, it is crucial to be aware of any accompanying symptoms, such as unusual discharge, changes in the appearance of the nipple, or lumps in the breast.

When to Seek Medical Help
It is advisable to seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:
- Persistent or worsening pain that does not improve with over-the-counter pain relief.

- Nipple discharge that is bloody or has an unusual color or odor.

- Changes in the appearance of the nipple or breast, such as swelling, redness, or dimpling of the skin.

- A lump in the breast or underarm area.

- Pain associated with fever or other systemic symptoms.

Conclusion
If you are experiencing nipple pain, it is essential to monitor your symptoms closely. While many cases of nipple pain are benign and related to hormonal changes or minor irritations, persistent or severe pain warrants a consultation with a healthcare provider. They can perform a thorough evaluation, which may include a physical examination, imaging studies, or laboratory tests, to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and recommend appropriate treatment.

In summary, understanding the potential causes of nipple pain and recognizing when to seek help can empower you to take charge of your health. If you have any concerns or if the pain persists, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for guidance and support.

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