Missed Periods: Causes and When to Seek Help

Missed menstruation?

I was supposed to get my period on the 13th of last month, but it hasn't arrived yet as of today, February.
I had intercourse about a week before the 13th this month, but there was no penetration; however, there was some semen on my abdomen, and I'm not sure if any got inside.
After that, we used condoms during intercourse.
Over the past few days, I've noticed changes in my discharge, which has been fluctuating in amount, and I haven't taken a pregnancy test yet.

Xuan Xuan, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/06/24

Dr. Lin Wenbin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

If the female is under 16 years old, even if both parties consent to sexual intercourse, the male is still violating the law.
Please consult a physician at the hospital for further discussion.

Reply Date: 2015/06/24

More Info

Missed periods can be concerning, especially when they are unexpected. There are several potential causes for a missed period, and understanding these can help you determine when to seek medical advice.

1. Pregnancy: The most common reason for a missed period in sexually active women is pregnancy. Even if you used protection, no method is 100% effective. If there was any possibility of sperm coming into contact with the vaginal area, it’s wise to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are generally reliable and can provide you with quick answers.

2. Hormonal Imbalances: The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones, and any imbalance can lead to missed periods. Factors such as stress, significant weight loss or gain, excessive exercise, or hormonal disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can disrupt your cycle.

3. Stress: Emotional or physical stress can impact your menstrual cycle. High levels of stress can interfere with the hormones that regulate your cycle, leading to missed periods.

4. Lifestyle Factors: Changes in your lifestyle, such as changes in diet, exercise routines, or sleep patterns, can also affect your menstrual cycle. For instance, if you have recently started a new workout regimen or changed your eating habits significantly, this could be a factor.

5. Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions can affect your menstrual cycle. Conditions such as thyroid disorders, diabetes, or other hormonal disorders can lead to irregularities in your cycle.

6. Medications: Some medications, including hormonal contraceptives, can affect your menstrual cycle. If you have recently started or stopped any medications, this could be a contributing factor.

Given your situation, where you have had unprotected sexual contact and are experiencing a missed period, it is advisable to take a home pregnancy test. If the test is negative and your period still does not arrive, or if you experience other symptoms such as severe pain, unusual discharge, or significant changes in your health, it would be wise to consult a healthcare provider.

When to Seek Help
- If the pregnancy test is positive: Schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider to discuss your options and receive appropriate care.

- If the test is negative but you miss your period: If you miss your period for more than a month, or if you have other concerning symptoms, it’s important to seek medical advice. Your healthcare provider can help identify any underlying issues and recommend appropriate treatment.

- If you experience severe symptoms: If you have severe abdominal pain, heavy bleeding, or any other alarming symptoms, seek medical attention immediately.

Conclusion
In summary, missed periods can be caused by a variety of factors, including pregnancy, hormonal imbalances, stress, lifestyle changes, medical conditions, and medications. Given your recent sexual activity and the missed period, taking a pregnancy test is a crucial first step. If the test is negative and your period does not return, or if you have any concerning symptoms, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for further evaluation and support. Taking proactive steps in understanding your body and seeking help when needed is essential for your health and well-being.

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