Small Bumps on the Scrotum: Causes and Treatments - Urology

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When it comes to small bumps on the scrotum, it's important to understand that there are several potential causes, and while many of them are benign, some may require medical attention. The bumps you describe, which resemble small pimples and can be expressed to release a white substance, could be sebaceous cysts, folliculitis, or even pearly penile papules, among other possibilities.

1. Sebaceous Cysts: These are common and occur when sebaceous glands become blocked. They can appear as small, round lumps filled with a white, oily substance. They are usually harmless and do not require treatment unless they become infected or bothersome.

2. Folliculitis: This is an inflammation of the hair follicles, often caused by bacterial infection. It can present as small red or white bumps that may resemble acne. Treatment typically involves good hygiene, warm compresses, and sometimes topical or oral antibiotics if the condition is severe.

3. Pearly Penile Papules: These are small, harmless bumps that can appear around the corona of the glans penis and may also be seen on the scrotum. They are normal anatomical variations and do not require treatment.

4. Molluscum Contagiosum: This is a viral infection that can cause small, firm, raised bumps on the skin. These bumps can be flesh-colored or white and may have a dimple in the center. They are contagious but usually resolve on their own over time.

5. Genital Warts: Caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), these can appear as small, flesh-colored or gray bumps. They may be raised or flat and can sometimes be itchy or uncomfortable. Treatment options include topical medications, cryotherapy, or surgical removal.

6. Other Conditions: Other potential causes could include scrotal dermatitis, eczema, or even more serious conditions like testicular cancer, although the latter is less common and usually presents with other symptoms.


Diagnosis and Treatment
To accurately diagnose the cause of the bumps, a healthcare provider will typically perform a physical examination and may ask about any associated symptoms, such as itching, pain, or changes in size. In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to rule out more serious conditions.

Treatment options will depend on the underlying cause:
- For sebaceous cysts: If they are not causing discomfort, they may not require treatment. If they become infected or painful, a healthcare provider may drain them or prescribe antibiotics.

- For folliculitis: Maintaining good hygiene and possibly using topical antibiotics can help.

- For molluscum contagiosum: Treatment may not be necessary, but if desired, options include cryotherapy or topical treatments.

- For genital warts: Treatments include topical medications, cryotherapy, or surgical options.


When to Seek Medical Attention
You should consult a healthcare provider if:
- The bumps are painful or itchy.

- There is a change in the size or appearance of the bumps.

- You notice any unusual discharge or bleeding.

- You have concerns about sexually transmitted infections.

In conclusion, while many small bumps on the scrotum are benign and do not require treatment, it is essential to have any new or concerning lesions evaluated by a healthcare professional. They can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options based on the specific condition. Regular self-examinations and awareness of changes in your body are crucial for maintaining reproductive health.