Sudden Pulsations in the Back of the Head: Causes and Concerns

Often suddenly feel the blood vessels at the back of the head?

I often suddenly feel a constriction in the blood vessels at the back of my head, which leads to a feeling of pressure and discomfort.
It's a kind of dull ache that is very uncomfortable.
Could you please explain what might be causing this condition? Thank you.

Anna, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/08/15

Dr. Gao Chunde reply Neurology

The sensation of sudden vascular constriction at the back of the head, followed by a feeling of pressure and tightness, may be attributed to a sudden contraction and tension of the muscles in the occipital region.
This can create a sensation of vascular constriction due to muscle pressure on the head, resulting in a feeling of tightness and dull pain throughout the head.
This condition is classified as tension-type headache, which is muscle-induced.
It is often related to the prolonged maintenance of fixed postures without relaxation or to stress and tension.
If it were truly vascular constriction, one might experience numbness or visual symptoms, followed by excessive dilation, leading to a throbbing headache, which typically ranges from moderate to severe intensity and is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
This is commonly referred to as migraine, which is primarily a vascular headache with various underlying causes.
Your situation seems to lean more towards the former.

Reply Date: 2015/08/15

More Info

Experiencing sudden pulsations or a feeling of pressure in the back of the head can be concerning and may arise from various underlying causes. It's essential to understand that the sensation of pulsation or pressure can be linked to several factors, including vascular issues, muscular tension, or neurological conditions.

One common cause of pulsating sensations in the head is tension-type headaches. These headaches often result from muscle tightness in the neck and scalp, which can create a feeling of pressure or tightness. Prolonged periods of poor posture, such as sitting at a computer for extended hours, can lead to muscle strain and tension, resulting in discomfort in the back of the head. This type of headache is typically characterized by a dull, aching sensation rather than sharp pain and can be exacerbated by stress, fatigue, or lack of sleep.

Another potential cause of pulsating sensations is migraine headaches. Migraines can present with various symptoms, including throbbing pain, sensitivity to light and sound, and sometimes visual disturbances. While migraines often affect one side of the head, they can also cause discomfort in the back of the head. The pulsating sensation may be due to changes in blood flow and vascular dilation that occur during a migraine attack.

In some cases, the sensation of pulsation may be related to vascular issues, such as increased intracranial pressure or vascular malformations. Conditions like arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or aneurysms can lead to abnormal blood flow in the brain, potentially causing pulsatile sensations. However, these conditions are less common and typically present with additional symptoms, such as severe headaches, visual changes, or neurological deficits.

Additionally, the sensation of pulsation could be linked to anxiety or stress. When individuals are under stress, they may experience heightened awareness of bodily sensations, leading to the perception of pulsations or pressure in various areas, including the head. This can create a cycle of anxiety and discomfort, further exacerbating the sensation.

If you are experiencing these pulsations frequently or if they are accompanied by other concerning symptoms, such as severe headaches, visual disturbances, or neurological changes (like weakness or numbness), it is crucial to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can conduct a thorough evaluation, including a physical examination and potentially imaging studies (like a CT scan or MRI), to rule out any serious underlying conditions.

In summary, the sensation of pulsations in the back of the head can stem from various causes, including tension-type headaches, migraines, vascular issues, or anxiety. Understanding the context of these symptoms and any accompanying signs is essential for determining the appropriate course of action. If these sensations persist or worsen, consulting a healthcare provider is vital for proper diagnosis and management.

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