Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Effectiveness and Next Steps

Emergency contraceptive pill, commonly known as "Yuting" tablet?

On September 4, I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend, and five minutes after it ended, I took an emergency contraceptive pill (one tablet).
On the morning of September 12, I experienced unexpected bleeding that lasted for 2-3 days.
Then, on September 14, I bought two pregnancy test sticks; one showed a single line immediately, and to ensure accuracy, I tested again the next morning with the first morning urine, which also showed negative.
I would like to know if I took adequate protective measures, as my menstrual cycle has not yet arrived, and I am feeling a bit anxious.

m, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/10/15

Dr. Lü Lizheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The use of emergency contraception has been noted, and since menstruation has occurred, the likelihood of pregnancy is very low.
Although the result from the pregnancy test shows no pregnancy, it may have been too early to test, which could lead to inaccuracies.
It is recommended to wait 4-5 days before testing again for more certainty.
Sincerely, Dr.
Li-Cheng Lu, Taoyuan Hospital.

Reply Date: 2015/10/15

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), commonly referred to as "morning-after pills," are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. In your case, you took the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) shortly after having unprotected sex, which is a crucial step in reducing the risk of pregnancy.
ECPs, such as Plan B One-Step (levonorgestrel) or Ella (ulipristal acetate), are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours for Plan B and up to 120 hours for Ella. Since you took the ECP within five minutes after intercourse, you maximized your chances of preventing pregnancy.

The bleeding you experienced on September 12, which lasted for 2-3 days, could be a side effect of the emergency contraceptive pill. ECPs can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, including spotting or breakthrough bleeding, which is not uncommon. This bleeding does not necessarily indicate that you are pregnant; rather, it may be a response to the hormonal changes induced by the ECP.

Regarding your pregnancy tests, it is important to note that ECPs can affect the timing of your next menstrual period. If you tested negative for pregnancy both immediately after taking the ECP and again the following morning with your first urine, it is a good sign. Pregnancy tests are most accurate when taken after a missed period, so if your period does not arrive within a week or two of when you expect it, you should consider testing again or consulting a healthcare provider.

To summarize, you have taken appropriate steps to prevent pregnancy by using an emergency contraceptive pill shortly after unprotected intercourse. The bleeding you experienced may be a side effect of the ECP, and the negative pregnancy tests are reassuring. However, if your period does not arrive as expected, it is advisable to take another pregnancy test or consult with a healthcare professional for further guidance.

In addition, it is essential to understand that while ECPs are effective, they are not 100% guaranteed to prevent pregnancy. Factors such as the timing of ovulation and the specific type of ECP used can influence effectiveness. Therefore, if you find yourself in a similar situation in the future, consider discussing regular contraceptive options with your healthcare provider to find a method that suits your needs and lifestyle better.

Lastly, if you have any concerns about your menstrual cycle or the effects of the ECP, do not hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for personalized advice and support. They can provide you with the most accurate information based on your health history and current situation.

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