Uterine Fibroids: Impact on Fertility and Health Concerns

About uterine fibroids?

Hello, doctor.
I have a 3 cm uterine fibroid.
Will this make it difficult for me to conceive? Sometimes I experience sudden pain in my lower abdomen.
The doctor mentioned that there is a cyst on the right ovary, and the pain is related to bleeding from the ovarian cyst.
However, I still feel some discomfort after my period ends.
Some doctors have suggested that the fibroid might be the cause, and I also feel pain on the left side.
Is this normal? I've heard that I should avoid consuming too many supplements; what does "not overdoing it" mean? Are there specific foods I should avoid, or is it generally okay? Additionally, I have mild thalassemia.
After my last period, the bleeding was prolonged due to the fibroid.
Will this happen in the future? Could this lead to an increased risk of anemia? Thank you! ^_^

Ni Ni, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/10/21

Dr. Lin Wenbin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The chance of infertility caused by uterine fibroids is not very high, so it is important to check for other factors contributing to infertility.
When fibroids undergo degeneration, they can cause pain.
Conditions such as adenomyosis and endometriosis can also lead to pain, so proper examination is necessary.
It is advisable not to consume excessive supplements; a normal diet is essential.
Avoid deliberately eating excessive amounts of meat, protein, and fatty foods.
Vegetables, fruits, and starchy foods should still be included in the diet.
Balance is the most important aspect.
Regardless of whether one has Mediterranean anemia, fibroids can lead to heavy bleeding or post-menstrual bleeding, and when combined with existing anemia, the situation can become more severe.

Reply Date: 2015/10/21

More Info

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in the uterus. They are quite common, especially in women of reproductive age, and can vary in size, number, and location. Understanding their impact on fertility and overall health is crucial for women who are planning to conceive or are experiencing symptoms.

Impact on Fertility
The presence of uterine fibroids can potentially affect fertility, but the degree to which they do so varies. Fibroids can interfere with the implantation of an embryo, alter the shape of the uterine cavity, or block the fallopian tubes, all of which can hinder conception. However, many women with fibroids can conceive and have healthy pregnancies. In your case, a 3 cm fibroid may not significantly impede your ability to conceive, but it is essential to monitor its growth and any associated symptoms.

Symptoms and Pain
You mentioned experiencing sudden abdominal pain and discomfort, which can be associated with fibroids. Pain can occur due to various reasons, including the fibroid's size, its location, or complications such as degeneration (when a fibroid outgrows its blood supply). The fact that you are experiencing pain on both sides may indicate that the fibroid is affecting surrounding structures or that there are other underlying issues, such as ovarian cysts or endometriosis. It is advisable to discuss these symptoms with your healthcare provider, who may recommend imaging studies like an ultrasound or MRI for a clearer diagnosis.

Dietary Considerations
Regarding your question about diet, it is often suggested that women with fibroids should avoid excessive intake of certain foods that may promote estrogen production, as fibroids are hormone-sensitive. Foods high in phytoestrogens, such as soy products, should be consumed in moderation. Additionally, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support overall health and may help manage fibroid symptoms.
When you mention "not over-supplementing," it is essential to understand that while vitamins and minerals are beneficial, excessive intake of certain supplements can lead to imbalances. For example, high doses of iron can be harmful if you have a condition like thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia), which you mentioned you have. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian to tailor a diet plan that meets your nutritional needs without exacerbating your conditions.

Anemia Concerns
You also expressed concerns about potential anemia due to fibroid-related bleeding. Fibroids can cause heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), which can lead to anemia over time. If you notice prolonged or heavy bleeding, it is essential to address this with your doctor, who may recommend treatments to manage the fibroids or to prevent excessive blood loss. Regular monitoring of your hemoglobin levels can help assess your risk for anemia.

Conclusion
In summary, while uterine fibroids can impact fertility and cause discomfort, many women with fibroids can still conceive and have healthy pregnancies. It is crucial to monitor your symptoms, maintain a balanced diet, and consult with your healthcare provider regarding any concerns about your fibroids, pain, or anemia. They can provide personalized advice and treatment options to help you manage your health effectively as you plan for pregnancy.

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