Emergency Contraception and Its Effects on Your Cycle

Emergency contraceptive pill

My last menstrual period started on September 18.
We had sexual intercourse on September 26 using a condom, and again on October 18 without protection.
On October 20, I took emergency contraception.
I initially felt like my period was about to come on October 18, with slight breast tenderness, but after taking the emergency contraception, the tenderness subsided.
I've been very worried because my period hasn't arrived, and I'm feeling quite stressed, fearing that I might be pregnant.
My nipples have also become very sensitive and feel firm.
Is it possible that I am pregnant, or could the stress be causing my period to be delayed? My menstrual cycle is not very regular, but I usually get my period a few days before or after the last one.
Recently, I’ve felt breast tenderness when pressed, could this indicate that my period is coming? I read that breast tenderness can also be a symptom of pregnancy, which is making me anxious.
How long after taking emergency contraception should I expect my period to arrive?

Beibi, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/10/27

Dr. Lü Lizheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Based on the information provided, since condoms were used during intercourse and it did not occur on the ovulation day, along with the fact that emergency contraception was taken, the likelihood of pregnancy is low.
Taking emergency contraception may have caused menstrual irregularities, making it difficult to predict the timing of the next period.
If there are still concerns, it would be advisable to wait until early November; if menstruation has not occurred by then, a pregnancy test can be taken for confirmation.
Sincerely, Dr.
Li-Cheng Lu, Taoyuan Hospital.

Reply Date: 2015/10/27

More Info

Understanding emergency contraception and its effects on your menstrual cycle can be quite complex, especially when combined with the natural variations in your cycle and the stress that often accompanies concerns about potential pregnancy. Let's break down your situation step by step.

First, it's important to clarify what emergency contraception (EC) does. The primary function of emergency contraceptive pills (like the one you took) is to prevent ovulation. If taken within a certain timeframe after unprotected intercourse, EC can significantly reduce the chance of pregnancy. However, it does not terminate an existing pregnancy, nor does it guarantee that ovulation will be prevented in every case.

You mentioned that you had unprotected intercourse on October 18 and took the emergency contraceptive pill on October 20. After taking EC, it is common for your menstrual cycle to be disrupted. Many women experience changes in their cycle, including delayed periods, heavier or lighter bleeding, or even skipped periods altogether. This is due to the hormonal changes induced by the emergency contraceptive pill.

Regarding your symptoms: breast tenderness and sensitivity can be associated with both premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and early pregnancy. The fact that you experienced breast tenderness before taking the EC could indicate that your period was approaching. However, the hormonal changes from the EC might have altered your body's signals, leading to confusion about whether your period is imminent or if you could be pregnant.

Stress can also play a significant role in menstrual irregularities. High levels of anxiety or stress can delay ovulation and, consequently, your period. If you are feeling particularly anxious about the possibility of being pregnant, this stress could further impact your menstrual cycle.

As for when to expect your period after taking emergency contraception, it can vary. Some women may experience their period within a week or two after taking the pill, while others may find that it is delayed by several weeks. If your period does not arrive within three weeks of taking the EC, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test to confirm whether or not you are pregnant.

In summary, while it is possible that you could be pregnant, the symptoms you are experiencing could also be attributed to the hormonal effects of the emergency contraceptive pill and the stress you are feeling. If your period does not arrive soon, consider taking a pregnancy test for peace of mind. Additionally, if you find that your menstrual cycle continues to be irregular or if you have further concerns, it would be beneficial to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice and support.

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