the Side Effects of Emergency Contraceptive Pills

Side effects of emergency contraceptive pills?

Hello doctor, I took the emergency contraceptive pill on September 14, and my period came on September 21 (which has always been regular, occurring around the 21st to 22nd).
However, the bleeding on September 21 was particularly heavy and lasted for a week.
Now, my period, which is expected on October 22, has not yet arrived.
My girlfriend's body tends to be somewhat deficient in qi and blood.
Could this be a side effect of the emergency contraceptive pill? What is the likelihood of pregnancy?

67, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/11/04

Dr. Lü Lizheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

1.
The side effects of emergency contraceptive pills.
2.
The probability of pregnancy is very low.
Sincerely, Dr.
Li-Cheng Lu, Taoyuan Hospital.

Reply Date: 2015/11/04

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), commonly referred to as "morning-after pills," are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, ideally within 72 to 120 hours, depending on the type of pill. The two most common types of ECPs are those containing levonorgestrel and ulipristal acetate.
When it comes to side effects, ECPs can cause a variety of reactions in the body. Some of the most common side effects include:
1. Menstrual Changes: ECPs can alter the timing and flow of your next menstrual period. It is not uncommon for women to experience heavier or lighter bleeding than usual, or for their period to come earlier or later than expected. In your case, the heavier bleeding you experienced after taking the ECP could be a result of the hormonal changes induced by the medication.
2. Nausea and Vomiting: Some women may experience nausea after taking ECPs. If vomiting occurs within two hours of taking the pill, it may be necessary to take another dose.

3. Fatigue and Headaches: Hormonal fluctuations can lead to feelings of tiredness and headaches.

4. Breast Tenderness: Some women report breast tenderness after taking ECPs.

5. Dizziness: Hormonal changes can also lead to feelings of dizziness or lightheadedness.

Regarding your specific situation, it is important to note that while ECPs are effective at preventing pregnancy, they are not 100% guaranteed. The likelihood of becoming pregnant after taking ECPs is generally low, especially if taken within the recommended time frame. However, if your period is significantly delayed (more than a week), it is advisable to take a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy.
The fact that your girlfriend has a history of irregularities in her menstrual cycle and experiences "qi and blood deficiency" may also play a role in her menstrual irregularities. Stress, hormonal imbalances, and changes in body weight can all affect menstrual cycles.
If her period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider. They can provide further evaluation and guidance, including a pregnancy test and assessment of any underlying health issues that may be contributing to the menstrual irregularities.

In conclusion, while the side effects of emergency contraceptive pills can include changes in menstrual flow and timing, it is essential to monitor the situation closely. If there are any concerns about pregnancy or if menstrual irregularities persist, seeking medical advice is the best course of action.

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