Red Bumps on Skin: Causes and Treatments Explained - Dermatology

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Red bumps on the skin can be caused by a variety of conditions, and understanding the underlying causes is essential for effective treatment. Based on your description of small red dots that appear on your arms or fingers, which are slightly itchy, there are several potential explanations.

1. Folliculitis: This is an inflammation of the hair follicles, often caused by bacterial or fungal infections. It can present as small red bumps that may be itchy or tender. Folliculitis can occur after shaving or wearing tight clothing, which can irritate the hair follicles.

2. Keratosis Pilaris: Commonly known as "chicken skin," keratosis pilaris appears as small, rough red or white bumps on the skin, often on the arms, thighs, and cheeks. It is caused by a buildup of keratin, a protein in the skin, and is usually harmless. While it may not be itchy for everyone, some individuals do experience mild itching.

3. Allergic Reactions: If you notice these bumps after using a new soap, lotion, or detergent, it could be an allergic reaction. Allergic contact dermatitis can cause red, itchy bumps and is often triggered by substances that irritate the skin.

4. Eczema: This chronic skin condition can lead to red, itchy patches on the skin. It often flares up due to environmental factors, stress, or allergens. If the bumps are accompanied by dry, flaky skin, eczema might be the cause.

5. Hives (Urticaria): Hives are raised, itchy welts that can appear suddenly and may be triggered by various factors, including food, medications, or stress. They can vary in size and may come and go quickly.

6. Insect Bites: Sometimes, small red bumps can be the result of insect bites, which can cause localized swelling and itching. If you notice these bumps after spending time outdoors, this could be a possibility.


Treatment Options
- Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream can help reduce inflammation and itching. Antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl) can also be effective if the bumps are due to an allergic reaction or hives.

- Moisturizers: For conditions like keratosis pilaris or eczema, regular use of moisturizers can help keep the skin hydrated and reduce the appearance of bumps.

- Avoid Irritants: If you suspect that a new product is causing your skin issues, discontinue use and observe if your symptoms improve.

- Consult a Dermatologist: If the bumps persist, worsen, or are accompanied by other symptoms (such as fever or widespread rash), it is crucial to see a dermatologist. They can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatments, which may include prescription medications or specialized therapies.


When to Seek Medical Attention
If you experience severe itching, swelling, or if the bumps spread rapidly, it is advisable to seek medical attention. Additionally, if you develop other symptoms such as fever, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face or throat, you should seek emergency care immediately, as these could be signs of a serious allergic reaction.

In summary, while small red bumps on the skin can be concerning, understanding their potential causes can help you manage them effectively. Keeping track of when they appear and any associated activities or products can provide valuable information for your healthcare provider.