Missed Period After Taking Emergency Contraceptive: What to Know - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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When it comes to missed periods after taking emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), there are several factors to consider. Your girlfriend's menstrual cycle is typically 29 days, and since her last period started on October 16, she would expect her next period around November 14. Given that you had sexual intercourse on November 5 and she took the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) the following day, it is important to understand how these factors interact.

Emergency contraceptive pills, such as the one you mentioned (后保宁), are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the incident, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be taken up to 120 hours later. The effectiveness of ECPs can vary based on where a woman is in her menstrual cycle at the time of taking the pill. If taken before ovulation, they can prevent ovulation from occurring. If ovulation has already happened, the effectiveness diminishes significantly.

In your case, since your girlfriend took the ECP shortly after the potential exposure, there is a chance that it could have been effective. However, it is also possible that the hormonal changes induced by the ECP could lead to a delay in her menstrual cycle. Many women experience changes in their menstrual cycle after taking emergency contraception, which can include delayed periods, irregular bleeding, or even lighter or heavier periods.

Regarding her symptoms of increased appetite, this could be a side effect of the ECP, as hormonal fluctuations can lead to changes in appetite and mood. It is important to note that these symptoms alone are not definitive indicators of pregnancy.
If her period is significantly delayed (more than a week past the expected date), it is advisable for her to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are generally reliable and can provide a quick answer regarding the possibility of pregnancy. If the test is negative and her period still does not arrive, it may be wise for her to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

In summary, while the ECP you mentioned can be effective in preventing pregnancy, it can also cause temporary changes in the menstrual cycle. If your girlfriend's period does not arrive within a week of its expected date, taking a pregnancy test would be the next logical step. If there are any concerns or if the test is positive, seeking medical advice is recommended for further guidance and support.