Delayed Menstrual Cycle: Irregularities and Causes

Q: Delayed Menstrual Cycle: Irregularities and Causes

Hello： (1) For a menstrual cycle to proceed smoothly, it relies on the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus and the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland. <br>If any one or all of these hormones are s

Menstrual period is delayed by two months?

Hello, doctor: I am currently working and studying in Japan.
I arrived on September 17th, and my menstrual period came at the end of September.
However, I did not have my period in October and November (I have not had sexual intercourse).
At the end of October, I noticed some reddish blood when wiping after using the restroom, and there were also some blood streaks in my discharge for about four to five days.
Does this count as my period? The blood was only present when I wiped; I did not use sanitary pads and only urinated, not having bowel movements.
Could this be related to my night shift schedule, as I work from 6 PM to 4 or 5 AM? In Taiwan, my menstrual cycle was irregular, but I would still get my period, even if it was late.
In Taiwan, I worked during the day.
Is this disruption in my menstrual cycle due to the change in my schedule? Additionally, I have always had my period for only six or four days; is this normal?

Lin, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/11/25

Dr. Yang Wangjun reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello: (1) For a menstrual cycle to proceed smoothly, it relies on the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus and the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland.
If any one or all of these hormones are suppressed and cannot be secreted, it can lead to amenorrhea or menstrual irregularities.
Common causes of suppression include work stress, exam stress, or environmental changes that lead to adaptation issues.
Your situation aligns with this condition.
(2) The volume of menstrual flow, whether heavy or light, is related to uterine contractions, coagulation factors, platelet function, and the hormonal stimulation of the endometrium.
As long as the menstrual cycle is normal, the volume should not be excessively high to be considered normal.
Thank you for your message!

Reply Date: 2015/11/25

More Info

Delayed menstrual cycles can be a source of concern for many women, and understanding the underlying causes is essential for addressing any irregularities. In your case, you've experienced a delay in your menstrual cycle since September, with some spotting in late October. Let's break down the potential reasons for these changes and what they might mean for your health.

Firstly, it's important to note that menstrual cycles can be influenced by a variety of factors, including stress, changes in routine, diet, and physical activity levels. Since you mentioned that you are currently working in Japan and have switched from a daytime to a night shift schedule, this change could significantly impact your body's circadian rhythm. The circadian rhythm regulates many bodily functions, including the menstrual cycle. Disruptions to this rhythm can lead to irregularities in hormone production, which may result in delayed or missed periods.

Additionally, stress is another common factor that can affect menstrual cycles. The transition to a new country, adapting to a different work environment, and the pressures of studying and working simultaneously can all contribute to increased stress levels. Stress can lead to hormonal imbalances that may cause your menstrual cycle to become irregular.

Regarding the spotting you experienced at the end of October, it is essential to differentiate between menstrual bleeding and spotting. Spotting can occur for various reasons, including hormonal fluctuations, ovulation, or even implantation bleeding if there were any chances of conception. However, since you mentioned that you have not had any sexual intercourse, the likelihood of implantation bleeding is minimal. The blood you observed could be a result of hormonal changes or stress-related factors, but it does not necessarily indicate the start of a menstrual period.

As for the duration of your menstrual cycle, having periods that last between four to six days is generally considered normal. The average menstrual cycle can range from 21 to 35 days, with bleeding lasting anywhere from two to seven days. Variations in cycle length and duration can occur due to numerous factors, including hormonal changes, lifestyle, and health conditions.

If your menstrual irregularities persist or if you experience any additional symptoms such as severe pain, heavy bleeding, or significant changes in your cycle, it would be advisable to consult a healthcare professional. They can conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include a physical examination, blood tests to check hormone levels, and possibly imaging studies to rule out any underlying conditions.

In summary, your delayed menstrual cycle and the spotting you experienced could be attributed to the changes in your work schedule, stress, and potential hormonal fluctuations. While occasional irregularities are common, it's essential to monitor your symptoms and seek medical advice if they continue or worsen. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and ensuring adequate nutrition can also help regulate your menstrual cycle.

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