Is Pregnancy Possible After Unprotected Intercourse Before Period?

Is it possible to become pregnant?

I had sexual intercourse with my boyfriend on December 2nd, the day before my expected period, without using a condom, but he did not ejaculate inside me.
The next day, December 3rd, my period did not arrive as scheduled.
On December 4th, I took emergency contraception.
Now, my period is 3 days late.
Is there a possibility of pregnancy? P.S.
My average menstrual cycle is 30 days, and each period lasts 6 days.
My last period started on November 3rd, and it was also a week late before.

Mei Mei, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/12/06

Dr. Lü Lizheng reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

The probability of pregnancy is low, but it is still possible.
If you wait another ten days and your period still hasn't arrived, you will need to take a pregnancy test.
Sincerely, Dr.
Li-Cheng Lu, Taoyuan Hospital.

Reply Date: 2015/12/06

More Info

The possibility of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, especially just before an expected menstrual period, is a common concern for many individuals. In your case, you had unprotected sex on December 2, just one day before your anticipated period, and subsequently took emergency contraception (the morning-after pill) on December 4. Given these circumstances, let's break down the factors involved.

1. Timing of Ovulation: The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 to 35 days, with ovulation occurring approximately 14 days before the start of the next period. If your cycle is around 30 days, ovulation would likely occur around day 16 of your cycle. Engaging in unprotected intercourse just before your period may coincide with the luteal phase of your cycle, which is generally not fertile. However, sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to five days, meaning that if you ovulated later than expected, there is still a chance of pregnancy.

2. Emergency Contraception: Taking the morning-after pill within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse significantly reduces the likelihood of pregnancy. These pills work primarily by delaying ovulation, preventing fertilization, or preventing a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus. Since you took the emergency contraception shortly after the unprotected intercourse, it is likely that it has effectively reduced your chances of becoming pregnant.

3. Menstrual Cycle Irregularities: You mentioned that your menstrual cycle can be irregular, with previous instances of delayed periods. Stress, hormonal fluctuations, and other factors can influence the timing of your menstrual cycle. The fact that your period has not yet arrived could be due to these irregularities rather than pregnancy.

4. Pregnancy Testing: Since your period is delayed by three days, it would be advisable to take a home pregnancy test. These tests are most accurate when taken after a missed period, as they measure the hormone hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is produced during pregnancy. If the test is negative and your period does not arrive within a week, consider consulting a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

5. Consultation with a Healthcare Provider: If you continue to experience a delayed period or have any unusual symptoms, such as abdominal pain or unusual discharge, it is essential to seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can offer guidance, perform a blood test for pregnancy, and discuss any concerns regarding your menstrual cycle or reproductive health.

In summary, while there is a possibility of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse just before your period, the use of emergency contraception significantly lowers that risk. Given your history of irregular cycles, it is also possible that your period may be delayed for other reasons. Taking a pregnancy test will provide clarity, and if you have further concerns, consulting with a healthcare provider is recommended.

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