Hemorrhoids: When to Seek Surgery and Cancer Risks - Surgery

More Info

---

Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus that can cause discomfort, pain, and bleeding. They can be classified into two main types: internal hemorrhoids, which occur inside the rectum, and external hemorrhoids, which develop under the skin around the anus. Your description suggests that you are experiencing external hemorrhoids, particularly since you mentioned a hard lump on the left side.


1. Do You Need Surgery?
The decision to undergo surgery for hemorrhoids largely depends on the severity of your symptoms and the impact on your quality of life. If your hemorrhoids are not causing significant discomfort or affecting your daily activities, conservative management may be sufficient. This can include:
- Dietary Changes: Increasing fiber intake to soften stools and reduce straining during bowel movements.

- Hydration: Drinking plenty of fluids to help prevent constipation.

- Topical Treatments: Over-the-counter creams or ointments can provide temporary relief from itching and discomfort.

- Warm Baths: Soaking in warm water can help alleviate pain and swelling.

However, if the hemorrhoids become thrombosed (a blood clot forms), or if they are causing persistent pain, bleeding, or prolapse (when hemorrhoids protrude outside the anus), surgical options may be considered. Surgical procedures can range from minimally invasive techniques, such as rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy, to more extensive surgeries like hemorrhoidectomy.

If the lump you mentioned is hard and persistent, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider. They can perform a physical examination and possibly recommend further imaging or procedures to rule out other conditions, such as anal fissures or even more serious issues.


2. Risk of Developing Rectal Cancer
Regarding your concern about the potential for hemorrhoids to develop into rectal cancer, it is important to clarify that hemorrhoids themselves do not cause cancer. However, the symptoms of hemorrhoids, such as rectal bleeding, can sometimes mimic those of colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to differentiate between the two.

While hemorrhoids are common and generally benign, any new or changing symptoms, particularly rectal bleeding or changes in bowel habits, should prompt further evaluation. The presence of a hard lump, especially if it is new, warrants a thorough examination by a healthcare professional. They may perform a digital rectal exam or a colonoscopy to ensure there are no underlying malignancies.


Conclusion
In summary, if your hemorrhoids are not significantly affecting your daily life, you may not need immediate surgical intervention. However, it is essential to monitor your symptoms and consult with a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and management plan. They can provide guidance on whether surgery is necessary and help rule out any serious conditions, including rectal cancer. Regular check-ups and being proactive about any changes in your symptoms are key to maintaining your health.