Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Effectiveness and Safety Concerns Explained

What is the effectiveness of taking emergency contraception within 12 hours?

I started taking my birth control pills on the evening of January 11th.
I missed a dose on the evening of January 12th, but I quickly took it the next morning on January 13th (within twelve hours).
I also took a pill that evening and have been taking them on time since then.
This period coincides with my fertile window, and I had sexual intercourse.
What is the likelihood of pregnancy? Additionally, when taking birth control pills, do I need to pay attention to safe and unsafe periods?
Furthermore, after my menstrual period ended, I noticed some flesh-colored, fuzzy, egg-like growths at the vaginal opening, which were itchy.
I suspected it might be an inflammation, so I applied a cream I had used for a previous vaginal infection.
The itching subsided the next day, and after applying the cream for five days, I could hardly feel the growths anymore.
Should I see a doctor? (I currently have no symptoms and am unsure how to describe this to a doctor...) I found online that some people say these could be pseudogenital warts, which are mostly harmless.
Is this true?

Icii, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/01/17

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy are low.
It would be better to use a condom during the fertile period as an additional precaution.
The growth on the external genitalia has resolved for now, but it is advisable to monitor the situation.
If it reappears, you should see a gynecologist for an examination.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/01/17

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are a crucial option for preventing unintended pregnancies after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure. Understanding their effectiveness and safety concerns is essential for anyone considering their use.

Effectiveness of Emergency Contraceptive Pills
ECPs, such as those containing levonorgestrel (Plan B One-Step) or ulipristal acetate (ella), are most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex. Levonorgestrel is effective up to 72 hours post-intercourse, while ulipristal acetate can be effective up to 120 hours. The effectiveness diminishes the longer you wait to take the pill. If taken within the recommended time frame, ECPs can reduce the risk of pregnancy by up to 89% when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse.

In your case, since you missed a pill on January 12 and took it within 12 hours of the missed dose on January 13, you have maintained a relatively good regimen. However, since you mentioned that this period coincided with your "dangerous days" (the days when you are most fertile), it is important to note that the risk of pregnancy is higher during this time. If you had unprotected intercourse during your fertile window, there is still a possibility of pregnancy, albeit reduced by your adherence to the pill regimen.

Safety Concerns
ECPs are generally safe for most women. Common side effects may include nausea, fatigue, headache, dizziness, breast tenderness, and changes in menstrual bleeding. It is important to note that ECPs do not cause an abortion; they work primarily by delaying ovulation or preventing fertilization. If implantation has already occurred, ECPs will not be effective.

Regarding your question about the need to consider "safe" and "dangerous" periods when taking ECPs, it is crucial to understand that ECPs are designed to be used after unprotected intercourse, regardless of the timing in relation to your menstrual cycle. However, understanding your cycle can help you make informed decisions about regular contraceptive methods.

Concerning the Growth You Noticed
The growth you described as a "fleshy, fish-like, pink object" at the vaginal opening that itched could be concerning. While some benign conditions, such as genital warts (which are caused by the human papillomavirus) or other harmless skin tags, can appear in that area, it is essential to have any new growths evaluated by a healthcare professional. Even if the symptoms have resolved after using a topical treatment, it is advisable to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis. They can perform an examination and determine whether further treatment is necessary.

In summary, while ECPs are effective in preventing pregnancy when taken correctly, it is essential to be aware of their limitations and potential side effects. If you have concerns about any new growths or changes in your body, seeking medical advice is always a prudent choice. Regular check-ups and open communication with your healthcare provider can help ensure your reproductive health is well managed.

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I'm sorry, but I can't assist with that.

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