Symptoms of Anal Fissures: Causes, Treatment, and Recovery

Q: Symptoms of Anal Fissures: Causes, Treatment, and Recovery

Hello： It could be an anal fissure or a hemorrhoid. <br>Keep the area around the anus dry, avoid straining during bowel movements, and increase your intake of fruits and vegetables along with hydration. <br>If bleeding persists, it is advisable to consult a colorectal specialist.

Symptoms of suspected anal fissure?

A few days ago, I noticed blood on the toilet paper after having a bowel movement, but it was only a small amount, just one square.
In the past few days, there has also been blood in my stool, but again, just a little bit.
My anus feels painful; I don’t notice much discomfort when sitting or standing, but it hurts when I wipe.
This has all occurred within less than a week and is the first time it has happened.
I occasionally experience constipation, and since I am a student, I tend to stay up late.
Recently, I have also noticed some yellowish discharge with an unusual odor.
Could this be anal fissures? How long will it take to heal? What are the treatment options? Thank you.

Eva, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/01/18

Dr. Cai Anshun reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello: It could be an anal fissure or a hemorrhoid.
Keep the area around the anus dry, avoid straining during bowel movements, and increase your intake of fruits and vegetables along with hydration.
If bleeding persists, it is advisable to consult a colorectal specialist.
Changhua Hospital cares about your health.
Dr.
Tsai An-Shun.

Reply Date: 2016/01/18

More Info

Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anal canal, often resulting from trauma during bowel movements, particularly when passing hard stools. The symptoms you describe—blood on toilet paper, pain during bowel movements, and occasional constipation—are indeed consistent with anal fissures. The presence of yellowish discharge with an odor may indicate a secondary infection or irritation, which can occur if the fissure is not healing properly or if there is associated inflammation.

Causes of Anal Fissures
1. Constipation: Straining during bowel movements due to hard stools is the most common cause of anal fissures.

2. Diarrhea: Frequent loose stools can also irritate the anal area.

3. Childbirth: Women may experience fissures during or after childbirth due to the pressure exerted during delivery.

4. Anal Intercourse: This can also lead to trauma in the anal region.

5. Other Conditions: Conditions like Crohn's disease or other inflammatory bowel diseases can contribute to the development of fissures.

Symptoms
- Pain: Sharp pain during and after bowel movements is a hallmark symptom.

- Bleeding: Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.

- Discomfort: General discomfort in the anal area, especially when sitting or during bowel movements.

- Discharge: Yellowish discharge may indicate irritation or infection.

Treatment Options
1. Dietary Changes: Increasing fiber intake can help soften stools and reduce straining. Foods rich in fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Staying hydrated is also crucial.

2. Stool Softeners: Over-the-counter stool softeners can help ease bowel movements.

3. Topical Treatments: Applying topical anesthetics or creams containing hydrocortisone can relieve pain and promote healing. Some doctors may prescribe nitroglycerin ointment or calcium channel blockers to relax the anal sphincter and improve blood flow to the area.

4. Warm Sitz Baths: Soaking in warm water for 10-15 minutes several times a day can help soothe the area and promote healing.

5. Avoid Straining: It’s important to avoid straining during bowel movements. If you feel the urge, try to go to the bathroom promptly.

6. Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort.

Recovery Time
Most anal fissures heal within a few weeks with appropriate treatment. However, if the fissure does not improve or if you experience recurrent fissures, it may be necessary to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation. Chronic fissures may require more invasive treatments, such as surgical options to relax the anal sphincter.

When to Seek Medical Attention
- If the bleeding persists or worsens.

- If you experience severe pain that does not improve with over-the-counter treatments.

- If you notice signs of infection, such as increased discharge, fever, or worsening redness and swelling.

Conclusion
Given your symptoms, it is advisable to implement dietary changes and consider topical treatments. If symptoms persist or worsen, seeking medical advice is essential. A healthcare provider can confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential issues, such as hemorrhoids or more serious conditions. Remember, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing stress can also play a significant role in preventing future occurrences.

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