Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding After Intercourse: Causes and Concerns

Vaginal bleeding issues?

Hello, my boyfriend and I had intercourse, and afterwards I noticed bleeding.
For the next few days, there were brownish blood stains on my underwear, and I also saw blood on the tissue when I wiped.
However, my period is also due in about five days.
What could this situation be? Thank you.

Niming, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/01/28

Dr. Lin Manying reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

It is necessary to determine the source of the bleeding; it is recommended to seek medical attention for a pelvic examination or a Pap smear test.

Reply Date: 2016/01/28

More Info

Abnormal vaginal bleeding after intercourse can be concerning and may arise from various causes. In your case, experiencing brownish blood or spotting after sexual intercourse, especially close to your menstrual cycle, can be attributed to several factors. Here’s a detailed explanation of potential causes and considerations regarding your symptoms.

Possible Causes of Post-Intercourse Bleeding
1. Cervical Erosion or Ectropion: This condition occurs when the cells from the inside of the cervical canal grow on the outside of the cervix. This can lead to increased sensitivity and bleeding during or after intercourse, especially if there is friction involved.

2. Vaginal Dryness or Trauma: Insufficient lubrication during intercourse can cause friction, leading to minor tears in the vaginal lining. This can result in bleeding, which may appear as brownish discharge due to the oxidation of blood.

3. Infections: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or other vaginal infections can cause inflammation and bleeding. If you have any accompanying symptoms such as unusual discharge, itching, or odor, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider.

4. Hormonal Fluctuations: Hormonal changes throughout your menstrual cycle can lead to spotting. If you are nearing your menstrual period, it is possible that your body is experiencing hormonal shifts that could cause light bleeding.

5. Polyps or Fibroids: These benign growths in the cervix or uterus can cause abnormal bleeding. While they are generally non-cancerous, they can lead to discomfort and bleeding during or after intercourse.

6. Endometriosis: This condition occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, which can lead to pain and abnormal bleeding, particularly during or after sexual activity.

7. Pregnancy-Related Issues: If there is a possibility of pregnancy, any bleeding could be a sign of complications such as implantation bleeding or, in more concerning cases, a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy. However, if you are certain that you are not pregnant, this is less likely.

When to Seek Medical Attention
It is crucial to monitor your symptoms closely. If the bleeding persists, becomes heavier, or is accompanied by severe pain, fever, or other concerning symptoms, you should seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare provider can perform a thorough examination, including a pelvic exam and possibly imaging studies, to determine the underlying cause of your bleeding.

Conclusion
In summary, while occasional light bleeding after intercourse can be normal, especially if it coincides with your menstrual cycle, it is essential to pay attention to the context and any accompanying symptoms. Factors such as cervical health, hormonal changes, and potential infections can all contribute to abnormal bleeding. If you have ongoing concerns or if the bleeding continues, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate management. Remember, open communication with your healthcare provider about your sexual health and any changes you experience is vital for maintaining your overall well-being.

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