Can You Get Pregnant During Your Period? Risks and Precautions

Are you pregnant?

Hello doctor, I would like to ask if it is possible to get pregnant if sexual intercourse occurs during menstruation.
Today, I had sexual intercourse while on my period and there was ejaculation inside.
Afterward, I rinsed with water.
Should I still take contraceptive pills or similar medications?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/02/02

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy are low, so you should not take emergency contraception.
It is important to practice "prevention" before sexual activity and not to rely on the safe period, especially for those with irregular menstrual cycles.
Take proper contraceptive measures.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/02/02

More Info

When it comes to the question of whether you can get pregnant during your period, the answer is yes, it is possible, although the chances are generally lower compared to other times in the menstrual cycle. To understand this better, let’s delve into the menstrual cycle, the timing of ovulation, and the implications of having unprotected sex during menstruation.

The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days, but it can vary from person to person. It consists of several phases: the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase. Ovulation usually occurs around the midpoint of the cycle, approximately 14 days before the start of the next period. This is when an egg is released from the ovary and is available for fertilization.

Sperm can live inside the female reproductive tract for up to five days. Therefore, if you have unprotected sex towards the end of your period, and you ovulate shortly after your period ends, there is a possibility that the sperm may still be viable and could fertilize the egg. This is particularly relevant for women with shorter menstrual cycles, where ovulation may occur soon after menstruation.

Regarding your specific situation, if you had unprotected sex during your period and there was ejaculation inside, it is advisable to consider emergency contraception if you are concerned about the possibility of pregnancy. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) can be taken within a certain timeframe after unprotected intercourse to help prevent pregnancy. The sooner you take them, the more effective they are, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to five days after intercourse.

Cleaning the genital area with water after intercourse does not prevent pregnancy. Sperm can enter the cervix quickly, and washing afterward will not eliminate the risk of pregnancy. If you are worried about the possibility of pregnancy, taking an emergency contraceptive pill is a more reliable option.

In addition to the risk of pregnancy, it’s also important to consider sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Engaging in sexual activity during menstruation can increase the risk of transmitting infections, as the cervix is slightly more open during this time, making it easier for pathogens to enter.

In conclusion, while the likelihood of getting pregnant during your period is lower, it is not impossible. If you are concerned about unintended pregnancy after having unprotected sex during your period, consider taking emergency contraception and consult with a healthcare provider for further guidance. Additionally, if you are sexually active, it’s essential to discuss and implement a reliable method of contraception to prevent unintended pregnancies and protect against STIs.

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