Common Concerns for Newborns: Hiccups, Temperature, and Breathing

Neonatal issues

Hello Dr.
Chang,
My son is a 10-day-old newborn, and after returning home, I've noticed that he often hiccups after feeding.
Why does he hiccup so frequently? Is there any relation to this? Additionally, how can I assess whether a newborn is too cold or too hot, and how should I adjust their coverings accordingly? What is the normal range for their back temperature? Can the back temperature be used for assessment? What temperature is considered too cold, and what temperature is considered too hot? What is the normal respiratory rate for a newborn? Thank you!

Xinshou Mama, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2002/07/25

Dr. Zhang Jinglong reply Pediatrics

A new mother asked about her 10-day-old newborn son, who often hiccups after feeding.
She wants to know why this happens and if it is related to anything.
Additionally, she inquires about how to assess if the newborn is too cold or too hot and how to adjust their covering.
What is the normal back temperature range for newborns? Can back temperature be used for assessment? What temperature is considered too cold, and what temperature is too hot? What is the normal respiratory rate for newborns?
First of all, congratulations on your new baby! Here are the answers:
1.
Hiccups are normal.
Remember to gently pat the baby’s back after feeding to help release gas and reduce spitting up.

2.
The normal back temperature for infants is approximately 36-37.5 degrees Celsius.
If you suspect a fever, you can take a rectal temperature; if it exceeds 38 degrees Celsius, the temperature is considered elevated.
If the rectal temperature is below 37 degrees Celsius, the temperature is considered low.
For a baby just over 10 days old, the ideal room temperature is around 27-28 degrees Celsius.
As the baby grows, they will tolerate lower temperatures better.
Observe the baby's extremities and skin; if they feel cold or have mottled skin, the baby may be too cold.

3.
The normal respiratory rate for newborns is 30-50 breaths per minute.

4.
As long as your baby is feeding well and has normal energy levels, there is no need to worry too much.
You can consult a pediatric specialist for assistance.
A good pediatrician can help new mothers navigate the awkward early days and become confident, happy parents.
Wishing you good health!

Reply Date: 2002/07/25

More Info

Hello! Thank you for your questions regarding common concerns for newborns. It's great that you're seeking information to better understand your baby's health and well-being. Let's address your concerns one by one.

1. Hiccups in Newborns
Hiccups are quite common in newborns and are usually harmless. They occur when the diaphragm, the muscle that helps with breathing, contracts involuntarily. This can happen for various reasons, such as eating too quickly, swallowing air while feeding, or even due to changes in temperature. In most cases, hiccups will resolve on their own and do not indicate any underlying health issues. If your baby seems comfortable and is feeding well, there is generally no cause for concern.

2. Assessing Temperature in Newborns
Newborns can be sensitive to temperature changes, and it's essential to monitor their comfort. The normal body temperature for a newborn typically ranges from 97.7°F to 99.5°F (36.5°C to 37.5°C). To assess whether your baby is too hot or too cold, you can check their back or neck. If they feel warm and sweaty, they may be too hot. Conversely, if their skin feels cool to the touch, they might be too cold.

When dressing your baby, a good rule of thumb is to dress them in one more layer than you would wear comfortably. For instance, if you are comfortable in a t-shirt, your baby might need a onesie and a light blanket. If you're unsure, you can also use a thermometer to check their temperature.

3. Temperature Guidelines
As for specific temperature thresholds:
- Too Cold: A temperature below 97.7°F (36.5°C) may indicate that your baby is too cold. In this case, you should add layers or use a blanket to keep them warm.

- Too Hot: A temperature above 100.4°F (38°C) is considered a fever in newborns and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. If your baby feels excessively warm to the touch, it may be a sign that they are overheating.

4. Normal Respiratory Rate
The normal respiratory rate for a newborn is typically between 30 to 60 breaths per minute. It's important to observe your baby's breathing pattern. If you notice any signs of distress, such as rapid breathing, grunting, or difficulty breathing, you should seek medical attention immediately.

Conclusion
In summary, hiccups are a normal occurrence in newborns and usually not a cause for concern. Monitoring your baby's temperature and ensuring they are dressed appropriately for the environment is crucial. Always check their back or neck for warmth and use a thermometer if you're uncertain. Lastly, keep an eye on their breathing rate and overall comfort. If you have any concerns about your baby's health, don't hesitate to reach out to your pediatrician for guidance.

It's wonderful that you are proactive about your baby's health. If you have any further questions or concerns, feel free to ask!

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