Could These Symptoms Indicate Pregnancy? Early Signs

Can I get pregnant?

Hello doctor, two weeks ago I had intercourse with my boyfriend using a condom, but I did not take emergency contraception.
A week later, I gradually noticed that my nipples were protruding and painful, which I have not experienced before before my period.
Currently, there are still 3 days until my period, and my breasts are becoming increasingly swollen with some tenderness upon pressure, but the protruding nipples and pain have not decreased; they are particularly painful to touch.
Could this be a sign of pregnancy? Does pregnancy relate to whether or not I rinsed my genital area afterward? Is it still possible to take emergency contraception after more than a week?

Xiao Wa, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/02/19

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy are low.
Emergency contraception should be taken within 48 hours to be effective.
Relying on the safe period is not advisable; it is better to use preventive measures before sexual activity.
If your period is more than a week late, it is recommended to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/02/19

More Info

The symptoms you are experiencing, such as breast tenderness, nipple sensitivity, and swelling, can indeed be early signs of pregnancy. However, they can also be attributed to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or hormonal fluctuations that occur in the menstrual cycle. It’s important to understand that many women experience breast changes before their period, which can include swelling, tenderness, and changes in nipple sensitivity. These symptoms are primarily due to the hormonal changes that occur in the body in preparation for menstruation.

In your case, since you had unprotected intercourse but used a condom, the risk of pregnancy is significantly reduced, but not entirely eliminated. Condoms are generally effective in preventing pregnancy when used correctly, but they can sometimes fail due to breakage or slippage. If you are experiencing symptoms that are unusual for you, it may be worth considering a pregnancy test, especially if your period does not arrive as expected.

Regarding your question about whether washing after intercourse affects the likelihood of pregnancy, it is important to note that washing the genital area does not prevent pregnancy. Sperm can enter the cervix and travel to the uterus quickly after ejaculation, so washing afterward does not eliminate the risk of pregnancy.
If you are considering taking emergency contraception (the "morning-after pill"), it is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. If it has been more than 72 hours since the incident, the effectiveness decreases, but some options may still be available up to 5 days after intercourse. It is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider regarding the best course of action, especially if you are considering taking medication after a week has passed since the intercourse.

In summary, the symptoms you are experiencing could indicate pregnancy, but they are also common premenstrual symptoms. If your period does not start in a few days, taking a home pregnancy test would be a prudent next step. If you have any concerns about your symptoms or the possibility of pregnancy, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.

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