Delayed Menstruation: Possible Causes and Concerns - Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Menstruation has not yet arrived?


Hello, after having sexual intercourse on January 3rd, I took the morning-after pill and followed up with the second dose the next day.
Four days later, I experienced bleeding similar to a menstrual period.
My regular menstruation occurred from January 20th to 25th with normal flow.
I had sexual intercourse again on February 3rd and 12th (withdrawal method without a condom), and I did not take the morning-after pill.
However, it is now February 24th, and my period has not arrived.
I have noticed brownish-black discharge (with a strong odor).
What could be the issue with my body?

Xiao Mei, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/02/25

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology


Hello, it could be bleeding before your menstrual period.
If your period does not arrive after more than a week, it is advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/02/25

More Info


Delayed menstruation can be a source of concern for many individuals, especially when accompanied by unusual symptoms. In your case, there are several factors to consider regarding your menstrual cycle and the symptoms you are experiencing.

Firstly, it is important to note that the use of emergency contraception (the "morning-after pill") can affect your menstrual cycle. After taking emergency contraception, some women may experience changes in their cycle, including earlier or later periods, as well as changes in flow. In your situation, you mentioned that you had a bleeding episode shortly after taking the emergency pill, which could have been a side effect of the medication.
You also indicated that your next expected period came on time and was of normal flow, which suggests that your body was able to return to its regular cycle after the initial disruption. However, the subsequent sexual encounters without protection and the absence of menstruation for the current cycle raise some concerns.

The brownish discharge you are experiencing could be old blood, which is sometimes seen at the beginning or end of a menstrual period. However, if it is accompanied by a foul odor, this could indicate an infection or another underlying issue. Infections such as bacterial vaginosis or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause changes in discharge and may also lead to delayed menstruation.
Stress, significant weight changes, hormonal imbalances, and underlying health conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also contribute to delayed menstruation. If you have been under increased stress or have experienced changes in your lifestyle, these factors could be influencing your cycle as well.

Given that your period is now significantly delayed and you are experiencing unusual discharge, it is advisable to take a pregnancy test to rule out pregnancy, especially since you had unprotected intercourse. If the test is negative and your period still does not arrive, or if you continue to experience abnormal discharge or any other concerning symptoms (such as pain or fever), it is essential to consult a healthcare provider. They can perform a thorough evaluation, including a pelvic exam and possibly additional tests, to determine the cause of your symptoms and provide appropriate treatment.

In summary, while there are several potential explanations for your delayed menstruation and the changes in discharge, it is crucial to take a proactive approach. Monitor your symptoms, take a pregnancy test, and seek medical advice if necessary. Your health and well-being are important, and addressing these concerns with a healthcare professional will help ensure that any underlying issues are identified and managed appropriately.

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