Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Effects and Concerns After Use

Emergency contraceptive pill

My girlfriend took the emergency contraceptive pill one hour after having sexual intercourse on February 21.
She has been experiencing abdominal cramps (similar to menstrual pain) for several days.
On February 23, she visited a gynecologist, and the pregnancy test showed one line.
Is there still a chance of pregnancy? The doctor prescribed her medication to induce menstruation.
Will this conflict with the emergency contraceptive pill? Thank you for your hard work, doctor.

Niming, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/02/25

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the chances of pregnancy are low.
It is better to take preventive measures for contraception before engaging in sexual activity.
Menstrual induction medications do not conflict with contraceptive pills.
If your period is more than a week late, it is advisable to see a gynecologist.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/02/25

More Info

Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), commonly known as "morning-after pills," are designed to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. They are most effective when taken as soon as possible after the event, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to 120 hours post-intercourse. The primary mechanism of action for ECPs is to delay or inhibit ovulation, thereby preventing fertilization.
In your girlfriend's case, taking the emergency contraceptive pill within one hour after unprotected sex is a timely decision that maximizes its effectiveness. The abdominal pain she is experiencing is a common side effect of ECPs. Many women report experiencing menstrual-like cramps after taking these pills, which can last for a few days. This discomfort is generally not a cause for concern and should subside as her body adjusts to the hormonal changes induced by the pill.

Regarding the pregnancy test taken on February 23, a single line indicates a negative result, suggesting that she is not pregnant. However, it is important to note that ECPs can cause changes in the menstrual cycle, and it may take some time for her next period to arrive. If her period is delayed by more than a week from when it is expected, it would be advisable for her to take another pregnancy test to confirm that she is not pregnant.

As for the prescription of medication to induce menstruation (催經藥), it is generally safe to use alongside ECPs. These medications are often prescribed to help regulate the menstrual cycle or to induce a period if it is significantly delayed. However, it is crucial that she follows the doctor's instructions regarding the use of these medications. If there are any concerns about potential interactions or side effects, it is always best to consult with the prescribing physician or a healthcare professional.

In summary, the abdominal pain your girlfriend is experiencing is likely a normal side effect of the emergency contraceptive pill. The negative pregnancy test is reassuring, but she should monitor her menstrual cycle closely. If there are any unusual symptoms or if her period does not arrive as expected, she should seek further medical advice. It is always important to communicate openly with healthcare providers about any concerns regarding medications and their interactions.

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