Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: Symptoms and Treatment Options

Frequently feeling a sense of pressure in the middle of the nose, with a sensation of the ears popping when swallowing?

Hello Doctor: Last June, I had a severe cold that led to sinusitis, and since then, I have felt a sensation of fullness in my ears and pressure between my nose and eyebrows.
I have visited an otolaryngologist multiple times.
The doctor asked me to perform a Valsalva maneuver to see if my eardrum would bulge, but during that time, it hardly did.
I was told that the Eustachian tube and auditory tube were not functioning well.
After taking medication, there was slight improvement.
Later, I also described this condition to a clinic doctor during a follow-up for a cold, but examinations of my ears and nose showed no issues.
The doctor mentioned that medication could only provide some improvement but may not resolve the problem entirely.
Currently, I occasionally hear a buzzing sound in my left ear and feel like there is something inside it, along with pressure in the middle of my nose.
Is there any way to improve Eustachian tube function? How long might this condition persist before it resolves?

Xiao Mei, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/08

Dr. Zheng Jueyi reply Otolaryngology

Hello! If the examination shows no sinusitis and there are no better medications to improve Eustachian tube dysfunction, nasal medications can be used along with a regular routine.
As for the recovery time, it is variable.
Wishing you peace and health! Sincerely, Dr.
Cheng Jue-Yi, Director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2016/03/08

More Info

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common condition that can arise from various factors, including upper respiratory infections, allergies, and sinusitis. It occurs when the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the nose, fails to open and close properly, leading to symptoms such as ear fullness, pressure, and sometimes even hearing changes or sounds like "eee" in the ear.

In your case, it seems that your symptoms began after a severe cold that led to sinusitis, which is a common trigger for ETD. The sensation of your ear being "blocked" or "capped" is typical, as the Eustachian tube's inability to equalize pressure can create a feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear. The fact that you experienced some improvement with medication suggests that inflammation or congestion was likely contributing to your symptoms.

Treatment options for Eustachian tube dysfunction can vary based on the underlying cause and severity of the symptoms. Here are some common approaches:
1. Decongestants: These medications can help reduce nasal congestion and may assist in opening the Eustachian tube. They can be taken orally or as a nasal spray. However, they should be used cautiously and not for prolonged periods to avoid rebound congestion.

2. Nasal corticosteroids: These are often prescribed to reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and Eustachian tube. They can be particularly effective if allergies or chronic sinusitis are contributing to your symptoms.

3. Autoinflation: This technique involves pinching your nose and gently blowing to help open the Eustachian tube. It can be effective in equalizing pressure in the ears, especially during changes in altitude, such as flying or driving in mountainous areas.

4. Allergy management: If allergies are a contributing factor, managing them with antihistamines or allergy shots may help alleviate symptoms.

5. Surgery: In more severe or chronic cases, surgical options such as Eustachian tube balloon dilation or tympanostomy (ear tubes) may be considered. These procedures can help improve Eustachian tube function and relieve symptoms.

Regarding the duration of your symptoms, it can vary widely. Some individuals may experience improvement within a few weeks, while others may have persistent symptoms for months. If your symptoms are not improving or are worsening, it is essential to follow up with your ENT specialist. They may recommend further evaluation or alternative treatments based on your specific situation.

In summary, Eustachian tube dysfunction can be frustrating and uncomfortable, but there are various treatment options available. It's crucial to work closely with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for your symptoms and to monitor your condition over time. If you have any concerns about your treatment or if your symptoms persist, don't hesitate to seek further medical advice.

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