Can HIV Be Transmitted Through Blood and Alcohol Contact?
Suspected contact with blood that has been exposed to alcohol? Hello, doctor. I'm sorry to ask, but can HIV be transmitted through blood? Today, while disinfecting in the exhibition restroom, I noticed that the alcohol dispenser seemed to have some blood mixed with the alcoh...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there are three main routes of HIV transmission: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse without a condom with an HIV-infected individual or exchanging other bodily fluids carries a risk o...[Read More] Can HIV Be Transmitted Through Blood and Alcohol Contact?
Restoring Your Body Clock: Tips for Managing Sleep and Palpitations
Circadian rhythm, sleep, palpitations, autonomic nervous system dysregulation? Hello, doctor. For the past month, I have developed a habit of staying up late, often not going to sleep until 5 AM. I usually do not eat while staying up late, and my body has not reacted too severely...
Dr. Li Jian Reply:
Because you are still young, it won't take long for you to adjust. It is recommended to get some sunlight during the day and increase your activity level, as this can also improve sleep quality. Thank you for your inquiry.[Read More] Restoring Your Body Clock: Tips for Managing Sleep and Palpitations
Managing Lupus-Related Kidney Disease: Symptoms, Treatments, and Lifestyle Tips
Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by class IV lupus nephritis? My husband was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and developed class IV lupus nephritis after a biopsy last October. The rheumatologist recommended hospitalization for treatment. Initially, he h...
Dr. Lin Wuxuan Reply:
Please follow the medical advice provided. If new symptoms or other concerns arise, please return for consultation with the attending physician in the Rheumatology and Immunology department. Thank you.[Read More] Managing Lupus-Related Kidney Disease: Symptoms, Treatments, and Lifestyle Tips
Understanding Abnormal Blood Test Results: What Do Red Flags Mean?
The blood test report shows results in red? Due to symptoms of immunodeficiency, I undergo blood tests at the hospital every six months. This time, I had a regular check-up at the hospital before the Lunar New Year, and the next day I checked the results on the National Health In...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. First, it is important to identify the type of immune deficiency in order to make an accurate assessment. 2. If last year's tests were normal and this year's results are abnormal, please seek care at a nearby medical facility as soon as possible for confirmation and...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Blood Test Results: What Do Red Flags Mean?
Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Oral and Anal Concerns
Regarding healthcare? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask three questions. 1. If there is a wound in the mouth (such as on the lips or inside the mouth), can I get infected if I eat something that has HIV-infected blood or bodily fluids? 2. Similarly, if I have a wound in my m...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
1. If bodily fluids contain live HIV, there is indeed a risk of infection. 2. All diseases transmitted through bodily fluids or droplets have the potential for infection. 3. Viruses typically die within minutes outside the human body, and public restrooms are unlikely to have bod...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Oral and Anal Concerns
Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Public Spaces: Key Insights
I forgot to ask for additional information? Hello, doctor! I apologize for my question. If someone with anal fissures or hemorrhoids sits on a public chair and comes into contact with HIV-infected blood or bodily fluids, could they be at risk of infection? I also forgot to ask, i...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello, if an open wound comes into contact with body fluids containing the HIV virus, there is indeed a risk of infection. However, the HIV virus dies within minutes once it leaves the human body, so the likelihood of encountering live HIV in a public place is very low. It is adv...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Public Spaces: Key Insights
Understanding the Risk of HIV Infection from Public Restroom Use
Probability of HIV Infection Hello, doctor: I just used a public restroom and didn't notice that there was menstrual blood left on the toilet seat from the previous user. I sat down directly on it. If the previous person had HIV, what is the risk of infection in this situati...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control data, there are three main routes of HIV transmission: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse without a condom with an HIV-infected individual or exchanging other bodily fluids carries a risk of infectio...[Read More] Understanding the Risk of HIV Infection from Public Restroom Use
Understanding Immune System Tests: What Your Results Mean for You
Immune system Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibody (TA) = 13.87 Anti-Nuclear Antibody = Negative at 1:80 C4 Quantitation = 58.46 C3 Quantitation = 137.97 Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (AMA) = <3.00 High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) = 0.16 Rheumatoid Factor = 12...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your inquiry. Your report shows that only your IgE level is elevated, which is indicative of an allergic condition. If your C4 level is slightly elevated, it is not a concern; C4 can increase when the body is unwell and does not have special significance. I r...[Read More] Understanding Immune System Tests: What Your Results Mean for You
Understanding Nerve Pain: Managing Stress-Induced Tingling Sensations
Tingling sensations during times of stress? Doctor, I apologize for the interruption. Over the past year, I have noticed that whenever I experience a certain level of anxiety (which seems to have happened once or twice in my childhood as well), I start to feel localized tingling ...
Dr. Xie Rongyuan Reply:
Hello: If these symptoms persist, it is advisable to visit a hospital for examination to confirm the diagnosis. Thank you for your message![Read More] Understanding Nerve Pain: Managing Stress-Induced Tingling Sensations
Understanding HIV Infection Risks from Used Gaming Consoles
Risk of HIV Infection If I buy a second-hand gaming console and touch my mouth without cleaning my hands, can I get infected with HIV (especially if there are small wounds in my mouth and on my hands)? The console does not have any visible fluids, but I am concerned that the prev...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
A. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are three main routes of HIV transmission: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal sex without a condom with an HIV-infected individual poses a risk of infection through the exchange of...[Read More] Understanding HIV Infection Risks from Used Gaming Consoles
Understanding Low Complement C3 Levels: Causes and Concerns
Low complement C3 levels? Hello, I would like to ask you about my previous emergency department lab report. Date: 10/21/112 - Hemoglobin: 13.6 - MCH: 29.8 - MCHC: 31.7 - MCV: 93.9 - Platelets: 239 - RBC: 4.57 - RDW: 11.8 - WBC: 6.8 - Basophil: 0.7 - Eosinophil: 1.0 - Lymphocyte...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your inquiry. Here are my responses: 1. Is it possible for an average person to have low C3 levels, or is low C3 always abnormal and related to autoimmune diseases? --> Yes, it is possible. Low C3 levels do not necessarily indicate an autoimmune disease. ...[Read More] Understanding Low Complement C3 Levels: Causes and Concerns
Understanding Unexplained Inflammatory Pain: A Guide for Young Adults
Unexplained inflammatory pain? I am currently 23 years old. I started experiencing occasional knee pain in middle school, but it wasn't particularly severe. The frequency of inflammation and pain has increased with age. Since high school, I have also had issues with inflamma...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your inquiry. I believe that conditions such as "recurrent rheumatic disease" can be monitored in the field of immunology and rheumatology. The Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology Department of Changhua Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, is...[Read More] Understanding Unexplained Inflammatory Pain: A Guide for Young Adults
Understanding Sudden Decrease in Complement C3 Levels: What to Do?
Decreased complement C3? Last year on October 21, a complement C3 test was performed in the emergency department, with a value of 104.4, C4 at 21.7, and an ANA titer of 1:80, which was negative. Four days later, on October 25, the C3 value was 85.4 and C4 was 19.5. This year, on ...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your question. Complement proteins C3 and C4 are produced by the liver, and the liver tends to produce more complement in response to various bodily stresses, which is why complement levels often rise. A decrease in complement levels is often associated with ...[Read More] Understanding Sudden Decrease in Complement C3 Levels: What to Do?
Can You Contract HIV from Masturbation After Contact with Infected Fluids?
Masturbation-related infection If a person has contact with the blood or semen of an HIV-infected individual on their hands, does not wash their hands, and then engages in masturbation with broken skin on their genitals, is there a risk of HIV infection?
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data, there are three main routes of HIV transmission: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse without a condom with an HIV-infected individual or exchanging other bodily fluids poses...[Read More] Can You Contract HIV from Masturbation After Contact with Infected Fluids?
Can You Get HIV from Touching with Lubricated Hands?
Will this lead to an HIV infection? I touched the inside of a girl's vagina with my hand that had lubricant on it, and then immediately touched my own glans. I am not circumcised, and I was wearing a condom the entire time. Is there a risk of transmitting HIV in this situati...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are three main routes of transmission for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse without a condom with an HIV-infected individual or ...[Read More] Can You Get HIV from Touching with Lubricated Hands?
Understanding Dry Mouth: Causes, Medications, and Solutions
Dry mouth and dry tongue? Hello, doctor. I have been experiencing dry mouth and dry tongue for the past three weeks. My mouth feels very dry every day, and drinking water does not help. This has somewhat affected my daily life. Prior to the dry mouth symptoms, I was taking Loraze...
Dr. Li Jian Reply:
Imipramine may cause dry mouth. Thank you for your inquiry.[Read More] Understanding Dry Mouth: Causes, Medications, and Solutions
Should You Remove a 3.6 cm Thyroid Nodule? Understanding Your Options
Thyroid nodule Hello, during a recent physical examination, a 3.6 cm nodule was found on the left side of my thyroid. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed, and it was determined to be benign. However, I have recently been experiencing some discomfort in my throat, occasi...
Dr. Li Jian Reply:
If the thyroid nodule is larger than 3 centimeters and there are uncomfortable symptoms, you can consult a thyroid surgeon to discuss how to manage it. Thank you for your inquiry.[Read More] Should You Remove a 3.6 cm Thyroid Nodule? Understanding Your Options
Understanding HIV Infection Risks in Medical Settings
Risk of HIV Infection I went to get an injection previously, and the nurse placed an alcohol swab (which was almost dry) and the needle on a metal tray to administer the shot. After the injection, she used that same swab to apply pressure to the injection site. Upon reflection, I...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
HIV has three main transmission routes: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse without a condom with an HIV-infected individual, or exchanging other bodily fluids, carries a risk of infection. 2. Blood transmission: (1) Receiving or coming into con...[Read More] Understanding HIV Infection Risks in Medical Settings
Can Stage 3a Chronic Kidney Disease Be Reversed? Medications and Tests Explained
Can stage 3a chronic kidney disease be reversed? What medications are available? The patient has diabetes with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level maintained at 6.5%. Triglycerides are at 110 mg/dL, uric acid at 4.6 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol at 88.2 mg/dL, ...
Dr. Huang Yaoxuan Reply:
Hello Ms. Paul, your creatinine level is 135 mg/dL, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is listed as 1.35 mg/dL, which seems to be incorrect. Please provide the correct values, thank you! (The unit for glomerular filtration rate is ml/min/1.73 m², not mg/dL.) Additionally, a...[Read More] Can Stage 3a Chronic Kidney Disease Be Reversed? Medications and Tests Explained
Risk of Infection from Toilet Cleaning: What You Need to Know
Regarding infections? Hello Doctor: I would like to ask if there is a possibility of infection if my mouth came into contact with a toilet trash picker while cleaning the restroom. Thank you for your assistance.
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
First, let's review the transmission routes of HIV: There are three main modes of transmission for the HIV virus: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse with an HIV-infected individual or exchanging other bodily fluids carries a ri...[Read More] Risk of Infection from Toilet Cleaning: What You Need to Know