Understanding Short Cervix: Risks and Management Options in Pregnancy
Short cervix Is a cervical length of 2.9 cm at 20 weeks considered short? At 21 weeks, it measured 2.65 cm, and at 22 weeks, it was 2.88 cm. The cervix is currently closed. I have consulted two doctors; one suggested a cervical cerclage, while the other recommended progesterone s...
Dr. Cao Guotao Reply:
Hello, the general threshold is 2.5 centimeters, so it is still within an acceptable range. You can observe it for now. Wishing you good health.[Read More] Understanding Short Cervix: Risks and Management Options in Pregnancy
Understanding Genital Warts: HPV, Cervical Cancer Risks, and Prevention
I have cauliflower, and I have many questions? 1. Is having genital warts a precursor to cervical cancer? 2. If genital warts are treated, can one receive the nine-valent HPV vaccine? 3. Are women with genital warts at a higher risk for cervical cancer, and what preventive me...
Dr. Cao Guotao Reply:
Hello, having cauliflower (condyloma) does not necessarily mean there is an infection in the cervix. It may be advisable to perform a cervical HPV test. If the result is negative, you might consider receiving the HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer. Wishing you good health.[Read More] Understanding Genital Warts: HPV, Cervical Cancer Risks, and Prevention
Understanding Abnormal Pap Smear Results: What You Need to Know
Abnormal Pap smear results? Hello Doctor, I recently went to the hospital for an examination due to abnormal bleeding. During the first ultrasound and vaginal examination, there was a suspicion of hormonal imbalance, and both the uterus and ovaries appeared normal. For precaution...
Dr. Wu Xianghui Reply:
Related to the infection with the HPV virus and the inability of the autoimmune system to produce antibodies.[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Pap Smear Results: What You Need to Know
Understanding Cervical Issues: Persistent Bowel Urgency After Surgery
Cervical issues Hello Dr. Wu, I would like to ask you about my condition. Since I had hemorrhoid surgery last December, I have been experiencing a constant urge to have a bowel movement, but I don't always succeed. Sometimes I may go 3-4 times a day, and I have to strain to ...
Dr. Wu Xianghui Reply:
It is necessary to rule out pelvic organ prolapse (commonly including cystocele, uterine prolapse, and rectocele). It is recommended to visit an outpatient clinic for evaluation by a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology.[Read More] Understanding Cervical Issues: Persistent Bowel Urgency After Surgery
Understanding Abnormal Bleeding: Is Your Birth Control to Blame?
Bleeding condition During the last sexual intercourse, there was bleeding (bright red) but no pain or discomfort. Afterwards, there was a small amount of bleeding when using the restroom (not hematuria), which was reddish and dark brown. I am currently taking oral contraceptives,...
Dr. Lin Manying Reply:
Hello, Miss: Regarding your inquiry, there are two possible causes: one is bleeding caused by the contraceptive pill, and the other is an issue related to the cervix. It is recommended that if you have not had a Pap smear in the past year, you should get one, or consult with your...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Bleeding: Is Your Birth Control to Blame?
Understanding Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Causes and Concerns
Abnormal bleeding Hello Doctor, my last menstrual period ended on May 24, but I started experiencing dark-colored bleeding (dark brownish-red) on June 1. I visited a gynecologist on June 3, and the doctor mentioned it was uterine bleeding, but during the internal examination, the...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors that can influence bleeding outside of the menstrual period are numerous, including age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency contraception, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, lesions of the uterus or cervi...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Causes and Concerns
Understanding HPV Transmission and Vaccination: Key Insights for Couples
HPV co-infection Hello, doctor. I am interested in receiving the 9-valent HPV vaccine, so I searched for related information online. I found that about 80% of women will be infected with HPV, and 90% of them will clear the virus within two years. However, there is a possibility o...
Dr. Wu Xianghui Reply:
There are over 100 members of the HPV family, among which 7 types (HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58) are classified as high-risk for cancer. HPV 16 and 18 are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancers. About 5% of all cancers are caused by HPV, including six types: ...[Read More] Understanding HPV Transmission and Vaccination: Key Insights for Couples
Understanding Menstrual Changes After Medication: What You Need to Know
Regarding medication for inducing menstruation? Hello, doctor. I visited an orthopedic specialist two days ago due to patellar tendinitis, and here is my prescription: 1. ACEO retard 90mg 2. KIMODIN F.C. Tab 3. Lactam Tablets 4. AELOCON S.C. TABLET. All of these are either gastro...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors affecting intermenstrual bleeding are numerous, including age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency contraceptive pills, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, lesions of the uterus or cervix, infections, ovula...[Read More] Understanding Menstrual Changes After Medication: What You Need to Know
Can HPV Be Transmitted to Partners After Treatment? A Guide for Women
Cauliflower infection In November 2018, after being diagnosed with genital warts, treatment began. In May 2019, a thin-layer cytology test was performed, which indicated mild inflammation of the cervix. In November 2019, a routine Pap smear showed no abnormalities. During this pe...
Dr. Cao Guotao Reply:
Hello, if you had genital warts two years ago and there are no signs of them now, it is unlikely that you are contagious. Wishing you good health.[Read More] Can HPV Be Transmitted to Partners After Treatment? A Guide for Women
Post-Abortion Recovery: What to Expect After Vacuum Aspiration
Abortion Hello Doctor, I underwent a vacuum aspiration procedure at 9 weeks of pregnancy, and it has been 20 days since then. I experienced light brown bleeding for 14 days after the procedure. During my follow-up visit, the doctor administered a medication to promote uterine con...
Dr. Cao Guotao Reply:
Hello, it should be monitored. If you still feel unwell, it is advisable to return to the hospital for a consultation. Generally, it does not affect future pregnancies. Wishing you good health.[Read More] Post-Abortion Recovery: What to Expect After Vacuum Aspiration
Understanding Irregular Periods: Should You Continue Birth Control Pills?
Menstruation has stopped after taking birth control pills? Hello Doctor, I have been experiencing irregular menstruation (I have a particularly long period every 2 to 3 cycles, lasting over 10 days, and then it comes again after two weeks). Last week, I consulted a gynecologist w...
Dr. Wu Xianghui Reply:
There are many factors that can affect menstrual cycle irregularities. A thorough evaluation including medical history, blood tests, and imaging studies is necessary to determine the underlying cause. It is recommended to return to the original prescribing clinic or consult with ...[Read More] Understanding Irregular Periods: Should You Continue Birth Control Pills?
Post-Miscarriage Bleeding: Understanding Recovery and Next Steps
Light bleeding after a miscarriage? I would like to ask about a sudden increase in bleeding on February 2nd, which was accompanied by blood clots. I visited an obstetrician-gynecologist on February 3rd, and the doctor diagnosed a miscarriage. Due to the continuous bleeding, I und...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors affecting intermenstrual bleeding are numerous. After a miscarriage or childbirth, it is common to experience irregularities for some time. Other causes include age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency c...[Read More] Post-Miscarriage Bleeding: Understanding Recovery and Next Steps
Postpartum Pain During Intercourse: Understanding Causes and Solutions
Pain during intercourse seven months postpartum? I would like to ask the doctor, before pregnancy and during intercourse with my husband, I never felt discomfort. However, since giving birth, I have experienced pain in the cervix and uterus during intercourse, which intensifies w...
Dr. Lin Manying Reply:
Hello, ma'am: Discomfort during intercourse after childbirth may be related to perineal wounds if you had a vaginal delivery, or to uterine wounds if you had a cesarean section. These issues typically improve over time. The Hualien Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welf...[Read More] Postpartum Pain During Intercourse: Understanding Causes and Solutions
Understanding HPV Testing: What a Negative Result Really Means
HPV testing I would like to ask the doctor, if the HPV test is negative (both high-risk and low-risk types), does it only indicate that there is no viral infection in the cervix? Or can it be inferred that other areas (such as the vulva, vagina, etc.) are also free of viral infec...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the HPV test requires a sample to be taken from the area being examined, which means it only indicates whether that specific area is infected and cannot be used to infer the presence of infection in other areas. Wishing you peace and health, Dr. Zhang.[Read More] Understanding HPV Testing: What a Negative Result Really Means
Understanding Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: Causes and Concerns
Urinary secretion? Hello Doctor, I occasionally experience ovulation bleeding, and my menstrual cycle generally lasts about 30 days. This month, the expected start date of my period has arrived, but instead of noticeable menstrual flow, I have been experiencing continuous light b...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors affecting intermenstrual bleeding are numerous, including age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency contraceptive pills, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, lesions of the uterus or cervix, infections, ovula...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Vaginal Discharge: Causes and Concerns
Understanding Abnormal Bleeding: When to Seek Further Evaluation
Abnormal bleeding My last menstrual period started on October 30 and ended about four to five days later, after which I began experiencing some bleeding (the amount has not been significant; sometimes it's brown, sometimes red, and occasionally there are blood streaks in my ...
Dr. Huang Jianzhong Reply:
The last menstrual period started on October 30 and ended about four to five days later, after which I began to experience some light bleeding (sometimes brown, sometimes red, and occasionally with blood-tinged discharge). This has been going on for ten days. Concerned about pote...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Bleeding: When to Seek Further Evaluation
Understanding Vaginal Discharge: Is It Normal After Menstruation?
Secretions issues Hello doctor, I got my period on October 20th, and it was mostly over by the 23rd. On the 24th and 25th, there was only a small amount of bleeding left, but since the 24th until today (the 26th), I have had discharge that is clear with a bit of brown, dry, and s...
Dr. Huang Yiwen Reply:
Hello, Miss 00: The vaginal discharge you mentioned, which is transparent with a slight brown tint, is likely not abnormal. It may be related to your ovulation period, where the cervix secretes mucus stimulated by female hormones to lubricate the vagina, which is a normal physiol...[Read More] Understanding Vaginal Discharge: Is It Normal After Menstruation?
Bleeding After Masturbation: Understanding Possible Causes and Concerns
Bleeding after masturbation? Tonight, my boyfriend helped me with some touching (for penetration), but afterward, I noticed some bleeding that was similar to the amount during the late stages of my period. This has never happened before during our first time. It has been two week...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors contributing to intermenstrual bleeding are numerous, including age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, post-coital contraceptives, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, lesions of the uterus or cervix, infections, ov...[Read More] Bleeding After Masturbation: Understanding Possible Causes and Concerns
Understanding Menstrual Irregularities: When to Consult a Gynecologist
Menstrual issues Hello, doctor! I would like to ask: 1. Is my menstrual cycle normal? Should I see a gynecologist? I started recording my periods as follows: - January 6 to January 12: 7 days - February 8 to February 14: 7 days - March 12 to March 18: 7 days - April 16 to A...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the factors that can affect the menstrual cycle or cause intermenstrual bleeding are numerous, including age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency contraception, diet, polycystic ovary syndrome, lesions of the uterus...[Read More] Understanding Menstrual Irregularities: When to Consult a Gynecologist
Understanding Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Possible Causes and Concerns
Menstrual issues Hello doctor, I would like to ask on behalf of my girlfriend. Her menstrual period started on September 8th, and she had brown discharge a few days before it began. On September 8th, the flow was very light, and it took 4 to 5 days to gradually increase. However,...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the brown discharge is usually due to a small amount of vaginal bleeding. Aside from pregnancy, there are many reasons for bleeding outside of the menstrual cycle, such as age, environment, lifestyle, stress, emotional instability, weight changes, medications, emergency co...[Read More] Understanding Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Possible Causes and Concerns