Is There a Risk of Unplanned Pregnancy After Condom Failure?

Can I get pregnant?

On February 1st, I had intercourse with my girlfriend while using a condom, but I discovered that the condom had slipped off inside her.
Within two hours, I purchased and took emergency contraception.
On February 8th, she experienced bleeding that was similar in volume and timing to her menstrual period.
Throughout February, we had sexual intercourse again, always using condoms, and we checked each time to ensure they did not break.
However, today, March 18th, my girlfriend's period has not arrived, and she is worried about the possibility of an unintended pregnancy.
What is the likelihood of accidental pregnancy in this situation?

9, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/19

Dr. Zhang Kunmin reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, the effectiveness of emergency contraception taken within 72 hours after intercourse is about 97%, but it is not 100%, with a failure rate of approximately 3%.
The failure rate of using condoms correctly throughout intercourse is still around 5%.
Early pregnancy does not necessarily present specific symptoms, and subjective symptoms cannot be used to make a determination.
It is recommended to check for pregnancy if your period is more than a week late.
It is generally better to use regular contraceptive pills for prevention.
Thank you! Wishing you peace and health, Dr.
Chang.

Reply Date: 2016/03/19

More Info

When it comes to the risk of unplanned pregnancy after a condom failure, it is essential to understand a few key points regarding the effectiveness of condoms, emergency contraception, and the menstrual cycle.

Condoms are a widely used form of contraception that, when used correctly, can be up to 98% effective in preventing pregnancy. However, failures can occur due to various reasons, such as improper use, breakage, or slippage. In your case, since the condom was found to be inside the vagina after intercourse, it is crucial to consider the timing and the actions taken afterward.

You mentioned that your girlfriend took emergency contraception (EC) within two hours of the incident. Emergency contraceptive pills (like Plan B or Ella) are designed to prevent ovulation and can significantly reduce the risk of pregnancy if taken shortly after unprotected intercourse. The effectiveness of EC is highest when taken as soon as possible, ideally within 72 hours, but some types can be effective up to five days after unprotected sex. Given that your girlfriend took the pill promptly, this would have substantially lowered her chances of becoming pregnant.

Regarding the delayed menstruation, it is important to note that emergency contraception can cause changes in the menstrual cycle. Many women experience irregularities in their periods after taking EC, including delayed menstruation, earlier or later onset, or changes in flow. Stress and anxiety about the possibility of an unplanned pregnancy can also contribute to menstrual irregularities.
To assess the risk of unplanned pregnancy, consider the following factors:
1. Timing of Intercourse: If the intercourse occurred during her fertile window (typically around ovulation), the risk of pregnancy could be higher, but since EC was taken, this risk is mitigated.

2. Use of Emergency Contraception: Since your girlfriend took EC promptly, this significantly reduces the likelihood of pregnancy.

3. Menstrual Cycle: If her period is late, it could be due to the effects of the emergency contraception rather than pregnancy.
If your girlfriend's period does not arrive within a week of the expected date, it would be advisable for her to take a home pregnancy test for confirmation. These tests are generally reliable and can provide peace of mind. If the test is positive or if there are any concerns, consulting a healthcare provider would be the next step to discuss further options and care.

In summary, while there is always a small risk of unplanned pregnancy with any contraceptive method, the actions taken after the condom failure, particularly the prompt use of emergency contraception, significantly reduce that risk. If there are ongoing concerns about her menstrual cycle or potential pregnancy, a healthcare provider can offer personalized advice and support.

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